INVESTIGATIONS ON THE AIR POLLUTANT SORPTION CAPACITY OF SOME LICHENS FROM SAMPLED URBAN AND PERI-URBAN AREAS OF KADUNA STATE

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dc.contributor.authorLABARAN, Isah
dc.date.accessioned2019-02-18T10:42:15Z
dc.date.available2019-02-18T10:42:15Z
dc.date.issued2018-01
dc.descriptionA THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF SCIENCE DEGREE IN BOTANY DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY, FACULTY OF LIFE SCIENCES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIAen_US
dc.description.abstractAtmospheric deposition of heavy metals like (Pb, Mn, Cd, Cr and Zn), SO2 and NO3 was investigated using lichens as suction points. The lichens samples were collected from four study areas namely; ABU Botanical garden, PZ area, (Sabon Gari Local Government) Buruku and Rido village (Chikun Local Government). Samples were collected in two seasons, that is three months in Dry season and three months in Wet season, the sample were collected 300m away from the main road. The representative samples were wet digested in Hydrogen trioxonitrate (HNO3) and Hydrochloric acid (HCL). Heavy metals content were measured in the extract using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS); Quantitative analysis of the samples was carried out using Sequential Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (Varian AAS 240FS). Determination of Nitrogen Oxides (NO3) was carried out using Phenoldisulphate acid method. Sulphur dioxide (SO2) was determined at 420nm using Bosch and Lomb Spectronic-70. Data obtained was analyzed statistically using Analyses of variance (ANOVA), Duncan‟s multiple range test (DMRT) was used to separate the means where there is significant differences. The species of lichens collected are; Phaeophyscia species, Xanthoparmelia spp, Flavopermelia capirata, Dictyonema glabratum, and Physcia species. There is significant difference among the lichens in the accumulation of all the pollutants and Flavopermelia capirata has higher accumulation of the most pollutants. The results from all the locations shows that, PZ area is significantly higher in Pb Zn and SO2, Buruku is significantly higher in Mn and Cd. Cr show no significant difference among the locations, Rido is significantly lower in NO3 concentration. Also, for the seasonal variation dry season (Jan., Feb., Mar.) shows high content of Zn (0.221), Cr (0.286ppm), NO3 (0.099mg/L) and SO2 (355.343mg/L). The high content of Pb (0.183ppm) and Mn (2.146ppm) recorded during wet season (Jul., Aug., Sept.) while the concentration of Cd is uniformly recorded in both dry and wet seasons. The accumulation of heavy metals by lichens species ranged as follows; vii Physcia pecies (1.69 – 0.01ppm), Phaeophyscia species (1.46 – 0.01ppm), Dictyonema glabratum (0.64 – 0.02ppm), Xanthopermelia caperata (2.12 – 0.02ppm), Flavopermelia caperata (3.84 – 0.02ppm), Manganese (3.84) has the higher concentration in the lichens species and is significantly higher than the metal with lower deposition which is Cadmium (0.02ppm). The concentration of Nitrogen oxide NO3 in lichens ranged from 0.14 – 0.05mg/L while that of Sulphur dioxide SO2 ranged from 238.99 – 62.89mg/L. Data Obtained reveal the important contributions towards understanding of heavy metal deposition patterns and provide baseline data, that can be used for identification of areas potential at risk from atmospheric pollutants contamination in the areas and seasons. The use of epiphytic lichens can provide a cost–effective approach for monitoring atmospheric pollutants contamination and may be effectively used in large scale air pollution monitoring programmesen_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/11287
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.subjectINVESTIGATIONS,en_US
dc.subjectAIR POLLUTANT,en_US
dc.subjectSORPTION CAPACITY,en_US
dc.subjectLICHENSen_US
dc.subjectURBAN,en_US
dc.subjectPERI-URBAN AREASen_US
dc.subjectKADUNA STATE,en_US
dc.titleINVESTIGATIONS ON THE AIR POLLUTANT SORPTION CAPACITY OF SOME LICHENS FROM SAMPLED URBAN AND PERI-URBAN AREAS OF KADUNA STATEen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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