STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF (HIBISCUS ESCULENTUS L.) ON INDOMETHACIN-INDUCED GASTRIC MUCOSAL DAMAGE AND SECRETIONS
STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF (HIBISCUS ESCULENTUS L.) ON INDOMETHACIN-INDUCED GASTRIC MUCOSAL DAMAGE AND SECRETIONS
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Date
2009-03
Authors
MALAJIYA, IBRAHIM SALEH
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Abstract
Gastric ulcers are breakages in the continuity of the gastric mucosal epithelial lining,
caused by imbalances between offensive and defensive factors of the gastric mucosa. The
anti-ulcerogenic activity of the many plant products is reported due to an increase in the
mucosal defensive factors rather than decrease in the offensive factors. Hibiscus
esculentus, an evergreen shrub of the savannah region of Africa, but indigenous to the
Nile, Mediterranean and India was investigated for its effects on gastric ulceration and
secretion. A total of eighty (80) adult male albino rats were used in this study, which
were divided into control, indomethacin (20mg/kg), extract (100 and 200mg/kg) and
cimetidine treated groups. It was carried out using the Shay et al model of ulcers
induction, with indomethacin as the necrotizing agent. Preliminary phytochemical
analysis of the extract revealed the presence of flavonoids, glycosides and phenolics. The
oral and subcutaneous LD50 study of the extract in mice was found to be above
5000mg.kg. Group 1 that serves as control were given only subcutaneous distilled water.
There was a statistical significance p<0.05 in the ulcer index and preventive index
respectively in group 2, and a statistical significance of p<0.05 in the extract and
cimetidine treated groups when compared with the control group. Gastric secretion as
affected by indomethacin is insignificant in this study (p<0.05). These include volume
and titratable acidity. However, there is a marked decrease in acid output.
Histopathological analysis of the tissues revealed normal histological architecture of the
gastric mucosa in the control group. Deep ulcerations stretching to the mucosa with
necrotized bases were observed in the indomethacin treated group whereas the extract
treated group markedly reduced the incidence and severity of the ulcerations.
Keywords: Hibiscus esculentus, gastric mucosal integrity, phytochemicals, antiulcerogenic,
offensive factors
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA NIGERIA IN PARTIAL
FULFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD MASTER OF SCIENCE IN HUMAN
PHYSIOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY,
FACULTY OF MEDICINE,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA
MARCH, 2009
Keywords
AQUEOUS,, EXTRACT,, HIBISCUS ESCULENTUS L.,, INDOMETHACIN,, INDUCED,, GASTRIC,, MUCOSAL,, DAMAGE,, SECRETIONS.