THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS IN LERE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA.
THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS IN LERE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA.
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Date
1997-12
Authors
LUKA, SODANGI ABDULKARIM
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Abstract
An epidemiological survey of schistosomiasis was carried
out among school children between the ages of 7-20 years in
twelve primary schools selected randomly within Lere Local
Government area of Kaduna State, Nigeria, between November
1994 and April 1996.
Questionnaires were issued to obtain information from
each pupil. The modified quick-Kato technique was used in the
laboratory analysis of the stool samples. Of the 1159 pupils
comprising 635 males and 524 females whose stool samples were
examined, the overall prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni was
11.3%. The intensity of the disease was light (1-26 eggs per
gramme of faeces). The disease was encountered in both males
(13.5%) and females (8.8%). The disease in females decrease
with age while in males it increased with age. There were
statistically significant (P<0.05) differences between the
prevalence of males and females and the different age groups
The sedimentation method was used in the laboratory
analysis of the urine samples. The overall prevalence of
Schistosoma haematobium was 12.3%. The disease occured in
males (15.9%) and in females (6.9%). The overall prevalence
was higher in males than in females. The highest prevalence in
males and females was in the age group of 13 years and above.
There were statistically significant (P<0.O5) differences
between the prevalence of the disease in males and females and
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among the different age groups. The prevalence rate of the
disease varied greatly among the different schools. There was
no statistical significant difference between the prevalence
of schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium in the
study area.
The overall intensity of S. haematobium was 17 geometric
mean egg count per 10 mls of urine. There was an association
between the S. haematobium infection and haematurda (0R=7.6).
There was an association between schistosomiasis (due to
S.mansoni and S. haematobium) the sources of water and manwater
contact activities, (fishing and swimming), history of
bloody stool also showed a strong association with S. mansoni
infection.
Other intestinal parasites encountered in the faecal
samples were hookworm, (34.3%); Entamoeba coli, (6.6%);
Taenia, (1.7%); Enterobins vermicularis, (1.5%); Ascaris,
(0.9%); Entamoeba histolytica, (0.3%); Trichuris trichura,
0.04%).
Four species of snails namely Lymnaea natalensis
Bulinus globosus, Bulinus forskali and Biomphalaria
pfeifferi were encountered in the water bodies during the
survey of the snail fauna. In Maigamo and Kudaru streams,
Lymnaea natalensis, Buiinus globosus and Bismphalaria
pfeifferi were detected. In Yarkasuwa, Bulinus globosus,
Bulinus forskali and Biomphalaria pfeifferi species and in
Saminaka, Lere and Mariri, Bulinus globosus, Bulinus forskali.
Description
A THESIS
Submitted to the Postgraduate School,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE DEGREE OF
MASTER OF SCIENCE
(Vet. Public Health and Preventive Medicine)
Keywords
EPIDEMIOLOGY, SCHISTOSOMIASIS, LERE, LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, KADUNA STATE,, NIGERIA.