EFFECTS OF ANTIMALARIAL DRUGS ON OESTROUS CYCLE AND UTERINE CONTRACTILITY IN RATS
EFFECTS OF ANTIMALARIAL DRUGS ON OESTROUS CYCLE AND UTERINE CONTRACTILITY IN RATS
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Date
2014-11
Authors
USMAN, Maryam wawata
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Abstract
Malaria is increasingly a health burden globally with children under the age of 5 and
pregnant women being the most vulnerable. Several antimalarials are available in the
market today however; the safety data in pregnancy is inadequate especially the first
trimester of pregnancy. The study was carried out in both pregnant and non-pregnant
wistar rats to evaluate the effect of these antimalarial drugs on the oestrous cycle as
well as on the uterine smooth muscle contractility.
All the antimalarial drugs in this study (AT 3.2 mg/kg loading dose and 1.6 mg/kg
maintenance dose for 7 days; CQ 2.5 mg/kg every 4 hours; QN 20 mg/kg loading
dose and 10 mg/kg maintenance dose 8 hourly for 7 days and SP 25 mg/1.25 mg/kg
once); showed a desynchronization of the normal oestrous cycle. Proestrus phase was
increased by all the antimalarial drugs except for AT, oestrus phase was decreased by
all but significantly by QN and metoestrus was increased by all except SP which
decreased it significantly while the dioestrus phase, a decrease was observed. On
isolated uterine smooth muscle of pregnant rat, artemether (AT, 16 μg/ml – 1280
μg/ml) Chloroquine (CQ, 4 mg/ml – 32 mg/ml), quinine (QN 100 ng/ml – 800 ng/ml)
and sulphadoxine /pyrimethamine (SP, 100 μg/ml – 400 μg/ml ), had no agonist effect
on the uterus but AT (16 μg/ml – 1280 μg/ml), CQ (16 mg/ml) and SP (100 μg/ml)
produced a reduction in oxytocin induced contraction of the pregnant uterus. In
conclusion, this study showed that these antimalarial drugs caused a
desynchronization of the normal oestrous cycle suggesting a possible effect on the
menstrual cycle in women of child bearing age while the reduction in the oxytocin
induced contraction could translate to ill effect especially in late pregnancy and during
labour.
Description
THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF A MASTER DEGREE IN PHARMACOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS, FACULTY OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA
Keywords
EFFECTS OF ANTIMALARIAL DRUGS,, OESTROUS CYCLE,, UTERINE CONTRACTILITY,, RATS,