RADIATION PROTECTION OPTIMIZATION CHECK ON RADIO DIAGNOSTIC EQUIPMENT OF RADIOLOGY UNITS OF SOME HOSPITALS IN ZARIA, KADUNA STATE
RADIATION PROTECTION OPTIMIZATION CHECK ON RADIO DIAGNOSTIC EQUIPMENT OF RADIOLOGY UNITS OF SOME HOSPITALS IN ZARIA, KADUNA STATE
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Date
2014-10
Authors
DUNAH, GODFREY LAWISSENSE
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Abstract
Radiation Protection Optimization Check on radiodiagnostic Equipment Radiology Units
has been an important tool in clinical medicine. The physical operation of the X-ray
equipment is one of the most important parameter in quality control (QC) check in
radiology department, because there could be no well-designed radiation protection
programmes for the hospitals especially the un-purposed build. Where a poorly structured
programme exist, there may not be proper examination of the programme to access its
adequacy and relevance in comparison to the ideal program recommended by International
Commission on Radiology Protection (ICRP). This research work is set to examine the
existing radiation protection program in the selected hospitals, to encourage hospitals to
have identified data base and develop it for future appraisal. To recommend a compete
QA/QC that is appropriate for the optimal functioning of radio diagnostic equipments in
the selected hospital. QA/QC kits was used for check on five (5) hospitals, the result
obtained were compared with standard acceptable limit. The parameters checks include,
kVp output consistence, collimator and beam alignment, film screen contact, focal spot,
grid alignment and half value layer (HVL). The result obtained for hospital A shows
complete compliance to the acceptable limit set by NNRA/ICRP. In the areas of kVp, the
tolerance limit is within ±5%, collimator and beam alignment, misalignment was within
0.50 -1.00, grid alignment shows symmetrical decrease in the radiation intensity, HVL at 80
kVp ≥2.5mmAl. while for hospitals B,C,D and E the result obtained for kVp tolerance
limit was outside range, collimator and beam alignment was within 2.50-3.00 outside range
grid alignment shows no symmetrical decrease though the HVL reminds within range.
From the result obtained except for hospital A that shows adherence to guidelines, the
remaining hospital B, C, D and E varying levels where evidence with no hospitals
demonstrating complete compliance to NNRA/ICRP standard guidelines that is needed to
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avoid retakes. Recommendation and conclusion where drawn on hospitals that shows
variance to acceptable quality control programmes, thus hospitals should be made to do
routine QC checks on their radio diagnostic equipment.
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POST GRADUATE STUDIES,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD
OF THE
MASTER OF SCIENCE IN RADIATION BIOPHYSICS
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS
FACULTY OF SCIENCE
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
NIGERIA.
OCTOBER, 2014
Keywords
RADIATION,, PROTECTION., OPTIMIZATION,, RADIO DIAGNOSTIC,, EQUIPMENT,, RADIOLOGY UNITS,, HOSPITALS,, KADUNA STATE.