ISOLATION CHARACTERISATION AND MOLECULAR STUDIES OF SOME PATHOGENIC BACTERIA IN COMPOSTING ANIMAL AND MUNICIPAL WASTES IN ZARIA, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
ISOLATION CHARACTERISATION AND MOLECULAR STUDIES OF SOME PATHOGENIC BACTERIA IN COMPOSTING ANIMAL AND MUNICIPAL WASTES IN ZARIA, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
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Date
2014-05
Authors
YAHAYA, OCHOLI
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Abstract
Composting of raw organic waste is an excellent example of high biological processes used for agricultural practices. The open pile and windrow method were used in composting poultry, cow, and municipal solid waste for twelve (12) weeks. Temperatures, pH and some selected heavy metals were determined during composting and in the finished products. The presence of helminths was determined and the total plate count, total coliform counts, the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of Salmonella typhi, Vibrio cholerae and E.coli 0157:H7 and their molecular profiles were also studied. All the heavy metals in the final compost was lower than the standard recommended by the USEPA, the temperature conditions did not meet the 55oC recommended for compost throughout the 12 weeks of composting . All the helminths did not survive beyond two weeks of composting. The results also showed a steady decline in total plate and coliform counts, and showed no significant difference between both. Composting techniques did not affect microbial growth but were significantly affected by the duration of composting. A total of 109 Vibrio, 152 E.coli, and 105 Salmonella isolates were tested using biochemical and serological tests. Out of these number 97(88.9%) Vibrio isolates were confirmed to be Vibrio cholerae, 140 (92.1%) were E.coli 0157 and 98 (93.3%) were Salmonella typhi. From these positive cases, 45 (46.4%) Vibrio cholerae, 64 (45.7%) E.coli 0157 and 47(48%) Salmonella typhi were from the open pile methods while 30 (30.9%) Vibrio cholerae, 76(54.3%) E.coli 0157 and 51(52%) Salmonella typhi were from the windrow method of composting. The organisms were evaluated by DNA based method using the 16S rDNA of the microbial community to verify and complement molecular and serological identification procedures. 16S rRNA genes fragments were amplified using
universal primers and sequenced. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern showed higher resistance among the isolates from poultry droppings and cow dung. and the overall quality of the final compost met the recommended standard by the European Union for finished compost. Large scale, wide spread and further researches are highly recommended.
Description
A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT FOR THE AWARD OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE IN MICROBIOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
MAY, 2014
Keywords
ISOLATION,, CHARACTERISATION,, MOLECULAR,, PATHOGENIC,, BACTERIA,, COMPOSTING ANIMAL,, MUNICIPAL,, WASTES,, ZARIA, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA