EFFECT OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF BRASSICA OLERACEA LEAVES (CRUCIFERAE) ON ETHANOLINDUCED GASTRIC ULCER IN ALBINO RATS
EFFECT OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF BRASSICA OLERACEA LEAVES (CRUCIFERAE) ON ETHANOLINDUCED GASTRIC ULCER IN ALBINO RATS
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Date
2008-04
Authors
FATIMAH, A. DAWUD
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Abstract
Brassica oleracea (cruciferea) is among the rich unexploited world flora with folkloric
medicinal uses (Alonso, 1998). The plant juice has been reported by clinical research to be
used in the treatment of gastric ulcers and prevention of ulcers induced by drugs (Cheney,
1952). Gastric lesions result from an imbalance between aggressive and defensive factors.
Both endogenous and exogenous irritants (aggressive factors) include: ethanol, gastric acid,
reactive oxygen species, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) etc, damage the
mucosal cells inducing cell death, which leads to the formation of gastric lesions (Holzer,
1998). In this study, the effect of extract Brassica oleracea (EBO) on ethanol- induced gastric
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ulcers in albino rats was evaluated. An acute toxicity study of EBO was carried out using
the method of Lorke (1983). Gastric ulcers were induced by oral administration of 70%
ethanol (EtOH) 1ml/200g of rat. After 1hr, ulcer parameters were determined from mean
ulcer score (P<0.05). Pre-treatment with oral administration of EBO at various concentrations
100, 200 and 400 mg/kg b.w. for 7days, dose-dependently protected the gastric mucosa
against ethanol-induced ulcers, with preventive indices of 15, 41 and 83% and significantly
decreased the percentage of ulceration by 100, 75 and 37.5% respectively. The severity of
the reaction to ethanol on the gastric mucosa and cytoprotection conferred by EBO were
apparent by histological assessment of the gastric mucosa. Acid concentration, total acid
output and pepsin concentration of gastric secretion was determined from gastric juice
collected, after 4hrs of pyloric ligation. In the normal rats, acid concentration, total acid
output and pepsin concentration was found to be 1.88 ± 0.24, 6.78 ± 0.69 and 608±0.23
respectively; these was significantly decreased in the control rats (70% EtOH). Pretreatment
with EBO at concentrations of 100, 200 and 400mg/kg b.w showed no statistical difference
when compared with the control group, while cimetidine at 50mg/kg b.w afforded a
significant increase in pepsin concentration and acid concentration. Preliminary
phytochemical screening of Brassica oleracea gave the positive test for proteins,
carbohydrate and flavonoids. These results indicate that the plant Brassica oleracea possesses
a potent antiulcer activity, which justifies the ethnomedical, claim.
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE POST GRADUATE SCHOOL IN PARTIAL
FULFILLMENTS OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE
DEGREE OF MASTER IN HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
(MSc HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY)
DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY ZARIA
APRIL, 2008.
Keywords
EFFECT,, AQUEOUS EXTRACT,, BRASSICA,, OLERACEA LEAVES,, (CRUCIFERAE),, ETHANOLINDUCED,, GASTRIC ULCER,, ALBINO RATS.