PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF VITAMIN C AND METHANOL LEAF EXTRACT OF Moringa oleifera ON CHRONIC CARBAMAZEPINE-INDUCED REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY IN MALE WISTAR RATS

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dc.contributor.authorAKOREDE, Ganiu Jimoh
dc.date.accessioned2019-04-02T13:46:56Z
dc.date.available2019-04-02T13:46:56Z
dc.date.issued2018-06
dc.descriptionA DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY ZARIA, IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTERS OF SCIENCE IN VETERINARY TOXICOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIAen_US
dc.description.abstractCarbamazepine (CBZ) is one of the most widely used drugs in the management of epilepsy. However, chronic usage has resulted in male reproductive disorders, which may be partly due to oxidative stress evoked by the drug. The present study was aimed at evaluating the effect of vitamin C and methanol extract of Moringa oleifera (MO) leaf in ameliorating adverse reproductive effect, induced by chronic CBZ administration in male Wistar rats. Seventy adult male Wistar rats were divided at random into seven groups of 10 rats each. Group I (DW) was given distilled water (2 ml/kg) daily; Group II (Vit-C) was administered vitamin C (100 mg/kg); Group III (MO) was administered Moringa oleifera (250 mg/kg~ 1/20th of LD50), while Group IV (CBZ) was exposed to carbamazepine (20 mg/kg) only. Group V (Vit-C+CBZ) was pretreated with vitamin C (100 mg/kg) before exposure to CBZ (20 mg/kg), 30 minutes later. Group VI (MO+CBZ) was pretreated with MO (250 mg/kg) followed by CBZ (20 mg/kg), 30 minutes later, while group VII (Vit-C+MO+CBZ) was pretreated with a combination of vitamin C (100 mg/kg) and MO (250 mg/kg), followed by CBZ, 30 minutes later. The regimens were administered orally by gavage once daily for a period of 15 weeks. Thereafter, the rats were sacrificed by jugular venesection; the pituitary glands and testicular tissues were assayed for the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). The sera samples were assayed for the concentrations of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone, while the epididymal sperm count and sperm motility were also determined from semen collected. The pituitary glands, seminal vesicles and testes were examined for gross and histopathologic changes. The result showed a significant (P < 0.05) increase in concentrations of pituitary and testicular MDA and a decrease in the activities of pituitary and testicular SOD, CAT and GPx in the group exposed to CBZ. These changes were ameliorated in Vit-C+MO+CBZ, MO+CBZ and Vit-C+CBZ groups. The significant decrease in testosterone concentration in the CBZ group was ameliorated in the Vit-C+MO+CBZ and Vit-C+CBZ groups. The absolute decreased values in the FSH and LH concentrations in CBZ group were ameliorated in the Vit-C+MO+CBZ, MO+CBZ and Vit-C+CBZ groups. A significant decrease in epididymal sperm count in CBZ group was mitigated in the MO+Vit-C +CBZ group, while the relative decrease in sperm motility in the CBZ group was ameliorated in the MO+Vit-C+CBZ, MO+CBZ and Vit-C+CBZ groups. A significant increase in percentage sperm mid-piece abnormality in the CBZ group was ameliorated in the MO+Vit-C+CBZ group. Degeneration of spermatogonia cells, severe neutrophils depletion and loss of cellular projection of the pituicytes and severe haemorrhages observed in the seminal vesicle of rats in the CBZ group were not observed in the MO+Vit-C+CBZ, MO+CBZ and Vit-C+CBZ groups. The study showed that pretreatment with vitamin C and/or MO ameliorated the alterations in sex hormone, semen characteristics, oxidative stress parameters and pituitary gland and testicular pathological changes induced by chronic CBZ administration, partly due to their antioxidant potentialsen_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/11420
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.subjectPROTECTIVE EFFECTS,en_US
dc.subjectVITAMIN C,en_US
dc.subjectMETHANOL LEAF EXTRACT,en_US
dc.subjectMoringa oleifera,en_US
dc.subjectCHRONIC,en_US
dc.subjectCARBAMAZEPINE-INDUCED,en_US
dc.subjectREREPRODUCTIVE TOXICITYPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY,en_US
dc.subjectMALE WISTAR RATS,en_US
dc.titlePROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF VITAMIN C AND METHANOL LEAF EXTRACT OF Moringa oleifera ON CHRONIC CARBAMAZEPINE-INDUCED REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY IN MALE WISTAR RATSen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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