QUALITY OF DAMBUN NAMA PREPARED FROM BROILER CHICKENS FED DIETS CONTAINING MORINGA (Moringa oleifera) AND SABARA (Guiera senegalensis) LEAF MEALS
QUALITY OF DAMBUN NAMA PREPARED FROM BROILER CHICKENS FED DIETS CONTAINING MORINGA (Moringa oleifera) AND SABARA (Guiera senegalensis) LEAF MEALS
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Date
2021
Authors
BALARABE, Safiya
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Abstract
Studies were conducted to evaluate quality of dambun nama prepared from broiler chickens fed diets containing graded levels of Moringa oleifera (MOL) and Guiera senegalensis (GSL) leaf meals. The experiments were carried out at the Research Farm, Department of Animal Science and at the Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. A total of two hundred and forty (240) day old broiler chicks of Cobb 500 strain were used for each of the two experiments (MOL and GSL) concurrently. In Experiment 1a, two hundred and forty (240) day old broiler chicks were allotted into four graded levels of MOL at 0, 7, 14 and 21% to serve as treatments MOL1, MOL2, MOL3 and MOL4, respectively. The birds were replicated three (3) times with 20 chicks per replicate in a Completely Randomized Design. In Experiment 1b, MOL was substituted with GSL for GSL1, GSL2, GSL3 and GSL4. The two experiments lasted for 8 weeks. The results revealed that growth performance such as initial weight, final weight gain, feed intake, average daily feed intake and average daily weight gain did not differ significantly among the four treatments from birds in MOL. However, feed conversion ratio was significantly (P<0.01) different among the treatments, where MOL1, MOL2 and MOL3 differed significantly (P<0.01) with treatment MOL4; values being 2.97, 2.88, 2.83, 2.43. The result on growth parameters such as initial weight, final weight, weight gain, average daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio were not significantly different across the treatment groups (GSL1, GSL2, GSL3 and GSL4). Other growth traits (feed intake, average daily feed intake and mortality) were significantly (P<0.05) different among the treatment groups (GSL1; 5332.40g than in GSL2; 4698.20g, GSL3; 4731.50g and GSL4; 4536.70g. Similarly, average daily feed intake was higher (P<0.05) in GSL1 (95.22g) than GSL2 (83.89g) and GSL3 (84.47g) and GSL4 (81.01g). However, the results dry matter, lipid, crude protein, ash and carbohydrate) of both fresh meat and dambun nama processed from broiler chickens were significantly (P ˂ 0.05) differed across the treatments (MOL and GSL). There were significant (P ˂ 0.05) differences among sensory attributes of both MOL and GSL dambun nama across treatments. However, the storage quality of dambun nama from MOL and GSL exhibited variations in their total fungal and bacterial growth over the 12-week storage periods. The growth (cfu/g x 105) of microbes measured in dambun nama decreased with the increase in concentrations of both MOL and GSL. Among, the packaging media studied; foil paper pack (FPP), wrapped newspaper pack (WNP), plastic container pack (PCP) and disposable container pack (DCP) had low counts of total microbial load in dambun nama stored up to 12 weeks. The study concluded that incorporation of MOL and GSL in the diet of broiler chickens up to 21% had no deleterious effects on growth performance, carcass characteristics and chemical composition of both fresh meat and meat floss of broiler chickens. Dambun nama was liked very much by the sensory panelists. The packaging media (FPP, WNP, PCP and DCP) had significant effects on microbial load, with PCP and WNP being more effective. It is recommended that MOL and GSL be included in broiler chicken diets up to 21% for improved meat quality. Dambun nama from broiler chickens fed diets containing graded levels of MOL and GSL should be stored above the 12- weeks period for further investigation on sensory attributes for its overall acceptance, shelf-life and quality.
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A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY , IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN ANIMAL SCIENCE
DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL SCIENCE,
FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY,
ZARIA, NIGERIA