PREVALENCE AND ANTIBACTERIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF SOME NOSOCOMIAL PATHOGENS ISOLATED FROM SOME HOSPITAL ENVIRONMENT IN ZARIA, KADUNA STATE.
PREVALENCE AND ANTIBACTERIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF SOME NOSOCOMIAL PATHOGENS ISOLATED FROM SOME HOSPITAL ENVIRONMENT IN ZARIA, KADUNA STATE.
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Date
2014-07
Authors
HAMMUEL, Chrinius
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Abstract
This study investigated the prevalence of three nosocomial pathogens on hospital surfaces and to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates. A total number of 470 samples were collected from the three hospitals; 160 samples were collected from Gambo Sawaba general hospital, 155 samples were collected from Major Ibrahim B. Abdullahi memorial hospital and St Luke Anglican hospital. Sixty three (63) isolates with mean value of 2.133±2.403 were isolated from Gambo Sawaba general hospital out of which 32 (50.8%) were S. aureus, 18 (28.6%) were P. aeruginosa and E. coli was 13 (20.6%). Forty six (46) isolates with mean value of 1.567±1.868 from Major Ibrahim B. Abdullahi memorial hospital; 23 (50.0%), 16 (34.8%) and 7 (15.2%) were S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and E. coli respectively. From St. Luke Anglican hospital there were 48 isolates with mean value of 1.600±1.813 out of which 27 (56.3%) were S. aureus, 13 (27.0%) were P. aeruginosa, and 8 (16.7%) were E. coli. The difference in the prevalence of the organisms on surfaces in the three hospitals was not statistically significant and there was no significant association between the organisms from the surfaces and the hospital (P>0.05) at 95% confidence limit. Only 1 (7.7%) of 13 E. coli isolated from Major Ibrahim B. Abdullahi memorial hospital was tested positive for E. coli O157:H7 and was not found in the other hospitals. S. aureus from Gambo Sawaba general hospital were 100% resistant to ampicillin and 25% resistant to cefoxitin, 95.7% from Major Ibrahim B. Abdullahi memorial hospital were resistant to ampicillin and 13% resistant to cefoxitin and 92.6% and 18.5% from St. Luke hospital were resistant to ampicillin and cefoxitin respectively. P. aeruginosa was 100% susceptible to ceftazidime and imipenem, E. coli was also 100% susceptible to gentamicin, cefoxitin and ceftazidime. P. aeruginosa and E. coli were more resistant to tetracycline. S. aureus isolates were inhibited by AMP at 15.625 and 31.25μg/ml, the pathogen was inhibited by FOX at 31.25 and 62.5μg/ml. P. aeruginosa and E. coli isolates were inhibited by tetracyline at 31.25μg/ml. P. aeruginosa isolates were inhibited at 31.25μg/ml and the potent MIC of AMP against E. coli was 15.625μg/ml. The MBCs of the antibiotics were at 31.25, 62.5 and 125μg/ml. Thus, inanimate surfaces in hospital environment are reservoirs of pathogens including the multidrug-resistant pathogens. The hands of healthcare workers can be a major route of cross-transmission of these pathogens within the hospital environment.
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Keywords
ANTIBACTERIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY, NOSOCOMIAL PATHOGENS