SERO-PREVALENCE AND AWARENESS OF CONTAGIOUS BOVINE PLEUROPNEUMONIA IN CATTLE IN THREE SELECTED LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS OF KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
SERO-PREVALENCE AND AWARENESS OF CONTAGIOUS BOVINE PLEUROPNEUMONIA IN CATTLE IN THREE SELECTED LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS OF KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
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Date
2014-09
Authors
BILLY, ISHAYA LAAH
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Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the sero-prevalence and awareness of Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP) in cattle in 3 selected Local Government Areas (LGAs), (Ikara, Chikun and Kauru) of Kaduna State, involving 900 heads of cattle, using Latex Agglutination Test (BoviLAT PA 6223), developed by Ayling et al (1999). Ninety structured quetionaires corresponding to the 90 herds sampled were also administered to herdsmen. Selection and sampling was done using the simple random sampling without replacement technique. An overall sero-prevalence of 26.0% (234/900) was achieved, comprising of 46.0% (138/300), 17.0% (51/300) and 15.0% (45/300) for Kauru, Ikara and Chikun LGAs respectively. Kauru LGA had a higher sero-prevalence than the other 2 LGAs, with statistical significant difference (P<0.05). The sero-prevalence was highest (30%) in the age group of >6 years old and lowest (19.3%) in the age group <1-3 years old. The difference in the infection of CBPP by age was statitically signifinicant (P<0.05). Female cattle had a sero-prevalence of 27.1%, while, male cattle had 21.9% sero-prevalence. The difference in sero-prevalence was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The Sokoto Gudali showed a sero-prevalence of 57.1%, followed by the Red Bororo and White Fulani with sero-prevalence of 50% and 25.3% respectively. Though the sero-prevalence showed a reasonable level of difference but, there was no statistical significant difference in the CBPP infection among the breeds sampled (P>0.05). The study also revealed the level of awareness to CBPP in the Pastoralists to be 80(88.9%) and formal education of 11(12.2%). Knowledge of CBPP in the communities showed 66(73.3%). Those that experienced outbreaks as well as lossed animals to CBPP were 25(27.8%) and 17(18.9%) respectivily. Of the respondents, 67(74.4%) indicated
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vaccinating their cattle at various times, which is not regular, thereby achieving a low vaccination coverage of 36.7%, while, 23(25.5%) do not vaccinate at all. Fourty-six (51.1%) acquired the CBPP vaccines from NVRI, Vom, Plateau State, while, 21(23.3%) from the open market. Personnel used in the administration of vaccine were, 14(15.6%) Veterinarians, 18(20%) Animal health workers, 18(20%) drug vendors and 40(44.4%) herdsmen. The use of antibiotics in treatment of CBPP cases was found to be a general practice. CBPP is present in the study area, and low level of formal education (12.1%) and the use of unqualified personnel (66.4%) in the adminitration of vaccine are some of the factors that might be responsible for the low vaccination coverage as revealed in this study. A comparative study between this method (BoviLAT) and other serum analysis techniques recommended by OIE, should be carried out for adoption of this method as a routine test for CBPP epidemiolgical study on a wider scale. Pastoralists are encourage to intensify the pursue for formal education.
Description
SERO-PREVALENCE AND AWARENESS OF CONTAGIOUS BOVINE PLEUROPNEUMONIA IN CATTLE IN THREE SELECTED LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS OF KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
BY
Ishaya La’ah BILLY, DVM (A.B.U) 1992 M.Sc. /VET-MED/2252/2009-2010
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF A DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN VETERINARY MEDICINE
DEPARTMENT OF VETERINARY MEDICINE,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY ZARIA, NIGERIA
SEPTEMBER, 2014
Keywords
SEROPREVALENCE, AWARENESS, CONTAGIOUS, PLEUROPNEUMONIA