EFFECT OF PROCESSING ON SOME NUTRIENTS AND ANTINUTRIENTS COMPOSITION OF EGYPTIAN RIVERHEMP (Sesbania sesban) SEEDS
EFFECT OF PROCESSING ON SOME NUTRIENTS AND ANTINUTRIENTS COMPOSITION OF EGYPTIAN RIVERHEMP (Sesbania sesban) SEEDS
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Date
2021-05
Authors
AREKEMASE, Shefiat Olayemi
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Abstract
Egyptian riverhemp (Sesbania sesban)is widely distributed throughout Africa including
Nigeria. Seeds from the plant contain essential nutrients but levels of antinutritional
factors in the seeds present a challenge to its use as alternative feeds for livestock. In
this study,the effect of processing on some nutrients and antinutrients composition in
the seed of Sesbania sesbanwere assessed using lye. Lye possesses chemical
characteristics as slaked lime, which have been used to detoxify or reduce antinutrients
in plants. However, slakedlime can not be readily available especially to rural farmers,
hence the choice of lye, which can be made readily available for the rural farmers.
During processing, the seeds were soaked for (24 hours) and boiled (1 hour) using
water, calcium hydroxide and lye. Theprocessed and unprocessed samples were then
analyzed using standard methods for proximate, antinutrients, vitamins and minerals
composition including in vitro protein digestibility. Results obtained for proximate
composition revealed significant (p<0.05) decrease in moisture content of the processed
samples with both samples boiled in calcium hydroxide (BC) and those boiled in lye
(BL) which had the highest reduction as compared to raw sample (RS). Crude protein
content was significantly (p<0.05) higher for sample boiled in water (BW), BC and BL
compared to those soaked in water (SW), calcium hydroxide (SC), lye (SL) and RS
whereas soluble and insoluble fibre contents were significantly (p<0.05) higher in SC
and RS. Carbohydrate content obtained showed significant (p<0.05) reduction in BC
compared to the other processed samples and RS. Analysis for antinutritional factors
revealed that boiling with lye resulted insignificant (p<0.05 reduction in tannins,saponin, oxalate, cyanogenic glycosides and trypsin inhibitor, while soaking with water
revealed more reduction in phytic acid content. Vitamin concentration revealed that
processing caused significant (p<0.05) reduction in β-carotene (βC) and water-soluble viii
vitamins, with SC having a higher reduction in βC, B2 and B6 as compared to RS while
a significant (p<0.05) increase in vitamin E was noticed in SL as compared to RS.
Mineral contents indicate SC had higher Magnesium, Manganese and Copper
concentrations compared to RS whereas Potassium and Iron contents were higher in
SW. Boiling with water and boiling with lyehad higher Sodium and Calcium compared
to RS. Iin vitro protein digestibility showed BL had significantly (p<0.05) higher
digestibility compared to other processed samples and RS. Based on the findings from
this study, samples boiled in lye (BL) had a higher reduction in some of the
antinutrients with improved in vitro protein digestibility, hence this may enhance the
use of the seed of Sesbania sesban as a potential alternative for livestock feed.
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD
OF AMASTER DEGREE IN NUTRITION
DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY,
FACULTY OF LIFE SCIENCES,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY,
ZARIA, NIGERIA
Keywords
EFFECT,, PROCESSING,, NUTRIENTS,, ANTINUTRIENTS COMPOSITION,, EGYPTIAN RIVERHEMP,, (Sesbania sesban),, SEEDS.