SEROPREVALENCE OF AVIAN INFLUENZA, GUMBORO, NEWCASTLE DISEASE AND PRACTICES OF POULTRY TRADERS IN SOUTHERN PARTS OF KADUNA STATE

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dc.contributor.authorKAMBAI, Francis Mba'aya
dc.date.accessioned2021-06-02T10:00:36Z
dc.date.available2021-06-02T10:00:36Z
dc.date.issued2011-11
dc.descriptionA THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN VETERINARY MEDICINE DEPARTMENT OF VETERINARY SURGERY AND MEDICINE AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIAen_US
dc.description.abstractThe first HPAI outbreak in Africa and in Nigeria occurred in Kaduna State. The study investigated factors favouring the introduction and spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza and the prevalence of H5 subtypes, Newcastle and Gumboro diseases antibodies in live bird markets. One hundred and twenty three questionnaires were administered to live bird marketers and 230 blood samples were collected from poultry. Sera from these blood samples were analysed using agar gel immunodiffusion test for Gumboro disease and haemagglutination inhibition tests for avian influenza and Newcastle disease antibodies. The mean chicken antibody titre and prevalence of Newcastle disease antibodies were 4.46 ± 0.25 log2 and 61.9% respectively. The avian influenza H5 subtype sero-prevalence rates in chickens and guinea fowls were 34.9% and 60.0% respectively with a chicken mean antibody titre of 3.90 ± 0.42 log2. Gumboro disease sero- prevalence rate in chicken was 58.6%. Cages were used by 42.6% of marketers though 66.0% use wooden cages. Marketers trading in markets with history of the outbreak of the highly pathogenic avian influenza were more likely to separate their poultry based on breed and species compared to those from markets without history of outbreak of the disease. Live bird marketers engaged in risky biosecurity practices such as eating, selling and purchasing of sick poultry which will increase the likelihood of introduction and spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza in live bird markets. These practices together with failure to wash hands with water and soap increase the human exposure. The risk perception of live bird marketers with history of AI outbreak was higher than for those without history of AI outbreak. The period of high sales of live birds were Christmas, New Year and Eid-el Fitr. Chickens and guinea fowls in live bird markets sampled have been exposed to H5 subtype, Gumboro and Newcastle disease antigen. Practices such as selling, eating and purchasing of sick birds are factors likely to enhance the introduction and spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza in live bird markets. Government interventions have improved the risk perception of highly pathogenic avian influenza in the intervened markets. Hence there is need for intervention in other markets.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/12379
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.subjectSEROPREVALENCE,en_US
dc.subjectAVIAN INFLUENZA,en_US
dc.subjectGUMBORO,en_US
dc.subjectNEWCASTLE DISEASE,en_US
dc.subjectPRACTICES,en_US
dc.subjectPOULTRY TRADERS,en_US
dc.subjectKADUNA STATE.en_US
dc.titleSEROPREVALENCE OF AVIAN INFLUENZA, GUMBORO, NEWCASTLE DISEASE AND PRACTICES OF POULTRY TRADERS IN SOUTHERN PARTS OF KADUNA STATEen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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