SEROPREVALENCE OF HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS TYPE 16IgG ANTIBODIES AND ITS EFFECT ON HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING SOME HOSPITALS IN LOKOJA, KOGI STATE, NIGERIA
SEROPREVALENCE OF HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS TYPE 16IgG ANTIBODIES AND ITS EFFECT ON HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING SOME HOSPITALS IN LOKOJA, KOGI STATE, NIGERIA
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Date
2017-01
Authors
ALEWOHARUNA, HELEN
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Abstract
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection is the primary cause of virtually all cervical cancers. Although most HPV infections are subclinical and are likely to resolve within 1-2 years, without treatment, the infection however persists in about 5-10% of infected women, leading to the development of pre-cancerous lesion which can progress to invasive cancer, 15- 20 years later. The study was carried out to determine the prevalence of Human Papilloma Virus type 16 and its effect on some haematological parameters among pregnant women attending two hospitals in Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria. The study was a hospital-based and cross-sectional study that combined the use of a structured questionnaire and analysis of blood samples obtained from 400 consenting women in Lokoja. The samples were analyzed for HPV type 16 IgG antibody and some immune cells using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Conventional micro hematocrit titer method respectively. Both results of the positive and the negative samples were then compared with the results of the haematological parameters to see whether there‘s a pattern or not. Analysis of the samples gave a prevalence rate of 10% for Human Papilloma Virus type16 IgG antibodies, among the 40 respondents that tested positive to HPV type16 IgG antibodies, 80% had high WBC count while 64.9% of those negative had high WBC counts. 95% of them had high lymphocyte counts while 0.8% of those without the HPV IgG antibodies had high lymphocyte count. About 87.5% of those that had the infection had high monocyte counts while 41.6% of those without the HPV IgG antibodies had high monocyte counts.Approximately 82.5% of those with the HPV 16 IgG antibodies had high neutrophil count and only 0.6% of those without the antibodies had high neutrophil count, 5% of those with the HPV 16 IgG antibodies had high basophil counts while 4.7% of those without the HPV16 antibodies had low basophil counts. A change in pattern was observed with the eosinophil count where 5% of those with the antibodies had high counts and 8% of those without the HPV IgG antibodies had high counts and PCV where 2.5% of those without the HPV IgG antibodies had high counts and 8.6% of those without the infection had high counts. Socio-demographic factors associated with the presence of HPV type 16antibodiesin the study were occupation, level of education and type of marriage (polygamy)while marital status and age were not significantly correlated to presence of HPV type 16 antibodies. The risk factors observed for the infection were early sexual initiation, multiple sexual partners and high parity.The prevalence of HPV type 16 antibodiesfound in this study called for the institution of HPV awareness campaigns programs and the implementation of a routine cervical cancer screening in all states of the federation. It also emphasizes the need for more research work on HPV type 16 infection.
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A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF A MASTERS OF SCIENCE IN MICROBIOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY, FACULTY OF LIFE SCIENCES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA
Keywords
SEROPREVALENCE,, HUMAN PAPILLOMA,, VIRUS TYPE 16IgG,, ANTIBODIES,, HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS,, PREGNANT WOMEN,, HOSPITALS,, LOKOJA, KOGI STATE, NIGERIA