EVALUATION OF LEUCAENA LEUCOCEPHALA (LAM DE WIT) LEAFMEAL IN THE DIET OF HETEROBRANCHUS LONGIFILIS VALENCIENNES, 1840

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dc.contributor.authorAGBO, Aderonke Nana
dc.date.accessioned2016-04-21T10:57:15Z
dc.date.available2016-04-21T10:57:15Z
dc.date.issued2015-09
dc.descriptionA THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF A DOCTOR OF SCIENCE IN FISHERIES DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, FACULTY OF SCIENCE, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA NIGERIAen_US
dc.description.abstractThis study evaluated the effects of Leucaena leafmeal in the diet of Heterobranchus longifilis fingerlings. L. leucocephala leaves were processed in three different ways to determine the best processing method that will reduce the level of anti-nutritional factors. The processing methods were sundrying of fresh leaves, soaking in water at room temperature and boiling in water (100°C) for five minutes. The treatments were sundried for 24 hours (SD1), sundried for 48 hours (SD2), sundried for 72 hours (SD3), soaked in water for 24 hours (SW1), soaked in water for 48 hours (SW2), soaked in water for 72 hours (SW3) and boiled for 5 minutes (SB5). A feeding trial was then conducted for 36 weeks in which growth performance and nutrient utilization of Heterobranchus longifilis fed Leucaena leafmeal based diets were determined. Experimental diets of 42.5-45% crude protein were compounded with each diet containing 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% inclusion of Leucaena leafmeal while fishmeal based diet served as control. The trials were conducted in 1000 litres plastic tanks measuring 1mx1mx1m. A total of 20 fingerlings of Heterobranchus longifilis with mean weight 6.56g ± 0.47 were stocked per tank and fed twice a day at 3% body weight. Digestibilty of diets, haematological indices and carcass composition of Heterobranchus longifilis fed graded levels of Leucaena leafmeal were evaluated. The cost benefit of incorporating Leucaena leafmeal in the diet of Heterobranchus longifilis was determined. Processing had effect on the proximate composition, amino acid content, mineral content and anti-nutrients. Soaking in water (at room temperature) for 72 hours (SW3) led to 89, 96, 86, 97 and 70% reduction in the levels of phytate, cyanide, tannin, saponin and mimosine respectively. Since soaking in water (at room temperature) for 72 hours was more effective in reducing anti-nutrients when compared to other treatments, Leucaena leafmeal was prepared from this treatment. Replacement of fishmeal with Leucaena leafmeal at 20% led to an increase in mean weight gain (MWG) and specific growth rate vii (SGR) while 30% and 40% led to a decrease in growth parameters. Heterobranchus longifilis fed commercial diet had the highest mean weight gain among all the treatments followed by 20% Leucaena leafmeal inclusion level. However there was no significant difference in the mean weight gain and specific growth rate for all the treatments. The feed utilization parameters also followed the same pattern. The apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of protein and lipid were within normal range however there was a progressive decrease with increasing inclusion of Leucaena leafmeal. This shows that apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) was related to feed utilization. The carcass analysis of Heterobranchus longifilis increased from initial values showing that the feeds were utilized and converted to flesh. However, the carcass crude protein in the control diet and 20% Leucaena leafmeal inclusion level were not significantly different (P>0.05). The haematological indices of Heterobranchus longifilis fed the control diet was higher than all the other experimental diets for packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell (RBC) and haemoglobin (HB) with values of 34.67%, 2.90 ×106 mm3/ l, 11.50 (g/100ml). However the control diet and 20% Leucaena leafmeal inclusion level were not significantly different (P>0.05) indicating that this inclusion level did not have adverse effect on haematology of Heterobranchus longifilis. The cost benefit analysis revealed that 20% Leucaena leafmeal inclusion level gave the highest profit of N22.77 when compared to the control which had a profit of N10.23. However the gross profit and the incidence cost showed no significant difference (P>0.05) for all treatments. The results of this study showed that replacing fishmeal with 20% Leucaena leafmeal in the diet of Heterobranchus longifilis had no adverse effect on the growth and haematological indices of the fish.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/7732
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.subjectEVALUATION,en_US
dc.subjectLEUCAENA LEUCOCEPHALA,en_US
dc.subject(LAM DE WIT),en_US
dc.subjectLEAFMEALen_US
dc.subjectDIET,en_US
dc.subjectHETEROBRANCHUS LONGIFILIS VALENCIENNES,,en_US
dc.subject1840,en_US
dc.titleEVALUATION OF LEUCAENA LEUCOCEPHALA (LAM DE WIT) LEAFMEAL IN THE DIET OF HETEROBRANCHUS LONGIFILIS VALENCIENNES, 1840en_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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