COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF METHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF SOME PLANTS (CASHEW, GUAVA AND PAWPAW) AND THEIR COMPOSITES IN DIABETIC RATS.
COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF METHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF SOME PLANTS (CASHEW, GUAVA AND PAWPAW) AND THEIR COMPOSITES IN DIABETIC RATS.
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Date
2013-05
Authors
AYUBA, Victoria
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Abstract
The comparative efficacy of antidiabetic, anti-hyperlipidaemic and antioxidant activities of methanolic extracts of Carica papaya, Psidium guajava, Anacardium occidentale leaves and their composite extracts in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats was investigated. The investigation revealed that there was a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in the fasting blood glucose level in the composite treated group which is comparable with the glibenclamide treated group. The oral administration of the composite extract showed the highest hypolipidaemic effect, compared with the individual extracts. The highest reduction in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALT) activities were also observed in the composite treated group. For the aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity, P. guajava treated group showed the maximum decrease. Treatment with methanolic extracts of composite and leaf extracts of C. papaya. P. guajava, A. occidentale and glibenclamide brought about a significant increase in serum protein and albumin. Increase in urea level reduced significantly after administration of the composite extract, which had the lowest urea level, followed by A. occidentale leaves, C. papaya and P. guajava leaves treated groups. In this study, decreased activities of liver and kidney superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, as well as increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were observed in diabetic control rats compared with the normal control rats. Based on the efficacy of the extracts in reducing the liver MDA levels, the order of effectiveness is as follows; A. occidentale ˃ P. guajava ˃ C. papaya ˃ composite extracts. While for the kidneys, MDA levels is in the order; A. occidentale leaves ≥ P. guajava leaves ranks first, then composite ≥ C. papaya treated groups respectively. For the liver SOD and CAT activities, the composite showed the highest
increase, followed by A. occidentale, C. papaya and P. guajava leaves treated groups, which all had the same SOD activity and A. occidentale leaves extract treated group, C. papaya treated group, and P. guajava leaves treated group for catalase activity. A significant (P < 0.05) increase was observed in the kidney SOD activity after administration of the composite, followed by P. guajava, C. papaya and A. occidentale treated group. For the catalase activity, the composite and C. papaya showed the maximum activity followed by A. occidentale and lastly P. guajava treated groups. This study showed that treatment with the various methanolic leaves extract of P. guajava, C. papaya and A. occidentale and composite proved effective in hypoglycemic activity, hypolipidemic and antioxidant property. However, the composite extract had the highest activity and showed tissue- organ protective properties.
Description
A Thesis Submitted to the School of Postgraduate Studies Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria Nigeria
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the
Award of Master of Science Degree in Biochemistry
Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science
Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
Nigeria
May, 2013
Keywords
COMPARATIVE,, EFFICACY,, ANTIDIABETIC,, ANTIOXIDANT,, METHANOLIC,, PLANTS,, CASHEW,,, GUAVA,, PAWPAW),, COMPOSITE,, DIABETIC RATS.