EVALUATION OF THE ANTHELMINTIC PROPERTIES OF AFZELIA AFRICANA ‘SM’ AND COMBRETUM MOLLE ‘R.BD/GON’.
EVALUATION OF THE ANTHELMINTIC PROPERTIES OF AFZELIA AFRICANA ‘SM’ AND COMBRETUM MOLLE ‘R.BD/GON’.
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Date
2007-08
Authors
SIMON, MALANG KAWE
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Abstract
The anthelmintic activity of partitioned fractions of crude methanolic extracts of
Afzelia africana and Combretum molle stem bark were evaluated in-vivo in rats
experimentally infected with Nippostrongylus braziliensis. The crude methanolic
extract of the plants were obtained after extraction with absolute methanol. These
were further partitioned in three solvents to obtain four fractions (i.e. petroleum ether,
chloroform, N-butanol and the aqueous methanol). Phytochemical screening
conducted on the extracts of both plants revealed constituents such as alkaloids,
steroids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, cardiac glycoside and carbohydrates. The
extracts fractions (with the exception of petroleum ether) were tested for anthelmintic
activity against Nippostrongylus braziliensis in rats. The anthelmintic activity was
assessed by comparing the number of worms recovered from rats treated with the
fractions to those from non-treated infected controls rats. This study considered
deparasitization rate of 70 % or greater as biologically significant. Out of the eight
fractions of both plants tested, the aqueous methanol of C. molle had the highest
significance (P<0.05) anthelmintic activity with 86.98 % deparasitization; followed
by chloroform fraction of A. africana, chloroform fraction of C. molle, N-butanol of
both plants with deparasitization of 79.20 %, 75.0 %, 72.72 % respectively when the
maximum tolerated dose of 1,000 mgkg‾¹ was administered. The aqueous methanol
fraction of A. africana and the crude methanolic extracts of both plants produced
induced a non-significant (P>0.05) deparasitization rates of 53.33 %, 62.50 % and
48.61 % respectively. The maximum tolerated dose studies on the crude methanolic
extracts of both plants were conducted to determine the therapeutic dose. A dose
range 10 to 1,000 mgkg‾¹ were considered practically non-toxic while 1,600 to 5,000
mgkg‾¹ were considered slightly toxic and unsafe even though failed to produce gross
and histological lesions on the internal organs. Thus, this study recommends further
investigations to validate their efficacy in natural or experimental infection in
ruminant
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE
AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF VETERINARY
PARASITOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY AND
ENTOMOLOGY
FACULTY OF VETERINARY MEDICINE
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY
ZARIA.
SEPTEMBER, 2007
Keywords
EVALUATION,, ANTHELMINTIC, AFZELIA AFRICANA ‘SM’,, COMBRETUM,, ‘R.BD/GON’.