DEVELOPMENT OF AN ENHANCED TRUST MANAGEMENT SCHEME FOR SECURED ROUTING IN OPPORTUNISTIC NETWORKS
DEVELOPMENT OF AN ENHANCED TRUST MANAGEMENT SCHEME FOR SECURED ROUTING IN OPPORTUNISTIC NETWORKS
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2018-05
Authors
YAHAYA, BASIRA
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
This research is aimed at the development of an enhanced Trust Management Scheme (eTMS) for secured routing in opportunistic networks (oppnets). Opportunistic routing allows communication to be set up between nodes even without infrastructure in a delay tolerant fashion. Oppnet has become more pertinent now with the proliferation of autonomous mobile devices. However, malicious devices pose potential security threats (packet dropping, denial of service (DoS) attack, black hole attack, identification (ID) spoofing, etc.) to the performance of oppnets. This is due to the inherent characteristics of such networks like ever changing network topology and lack of a definite communication path between nodes amongst others. These characteristics created the issue of a lack of end-to-end connectivity thus making it extremely difficult to establish authentication between the source node and the destination node. In this work, the eTMS is developed by optimally determining, through simulations, the trust threshold value that decides the success probability of building behaviour trust in the standard trust management scheme (TMS) reported in literature. This is implemented in the proposed new variant of the probabilistic routing protocol for intermittently connected mobile ad-hoc network (PRoPICMAN), called the improved PRoPICMAN (iPRoPICMAN), that considered a multi-hop scenario. Simulation was carried out using the Opportunistic Network Environment (ONE) simulator using the benchmark Helsinki simulation area. The iPRoPICMAN when compared with the PRoPICMAN (without any TMS) increased the delivery probability from 0.2806 to 0.4156 (by 48%), increased the delay from 4613s to 5717s (by 23%) and reduced the overhead ratio from 68 to 46 (by 32%). This implied that iPRoPICMAN improved the performance of the oppnet compared with the PRoPICMAN but at the expense of delay. The iPRoPICMAN with the TMS (with threshold value set at 0.6) when compared with the iPRoPICMAN increased the delivery probability from 0.4156 to 0.4976 (19%), increased the delay from 5717s to 6713s (17%) and reduced the overhead ratio from 46 to 38 (17%). The iPRoPICMAN with eTMS (with optimal threshold value of 0.73) is shown to improve the delivery probability by 2% (0.4976 to 0.5065) and reduced the delay by 2% (6713s to 6607s) when compared with the iPRoPICMAN with TMS while maintaining a similar overhead ratio. Comparison between the iPRoPICMAN with TMS and the iPRoPICMAN with eTMS using delivery probability, delay and overhead ratio showed that the eTMS outperformed the TMS by 2% (0.5102 to 0.5221), 10% (2736s to 2464s) and 7% (135 to 126), respectively when run on the developed novel oppnet simulation area called the Ahmadu Bello University (ABU) simulation area. These results indicate that securing a routing protocol through trust-based methods improved the oppnet performance but sometimes with a trade-off in delay and that the threshold value is critical to the performance of such methods (as some values can result in zero network performance).
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF DOCTOR OF A PHILOSOPHY (PhD.) DEGREE IN COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
NIGERIA.
Keywords
DEVELOPMENT,, ENHANCED TRUST MANAGEMENT SCHEME,, SECURED ROUTING,, OPPORTUNISTIC NETWORKS,