PROPERTIES OF DIRECTLY COMPRESSED PARACETAMOL TABLETS CONTAINING ALPHA - AND MICROCRYSTALLINE - CELLULOSE DERIVED FROM MAIZE COBS
PROPERTIES OF DIRECTLY COMPRESSED PARACETAMOL TABLETS CONTAINING ALPHA - AND MICROCRYSTALLINE - CELLULOSE DERIVED FROM MAIZE COBS
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Date
1999-09
Authors
AUDU - PETER, Jennifer Drambi
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Abstract
Cob alpha-cellulose (CAC) was extracted from maize cobs by standard extraction
procedures with a yield of 21%. Part of the CAC was partially depolymerised into
cob microcrystalline-cellulose (CMCC) by hot acid treatment, yielding 90%. The
CAC and CMCC were compared with Aviccl1R PI 1101 which is also
microcrystalline cellulose.
The mean particle sizes of CAC, CMCC and Avicelk were 58.4, 38.9, and 39.2
Dm respectively.
The moisture content and sorption capacity for CAC were 3.1% and 23.4%; for
CMCC were 2.9% and 22.1% and for AvicelR were 2.9% and 11.4% respectively.
The significance of these could be reflected in the disintegration of tablets and
storage conditions of the products.
Their perticulate and packing properties show comparable values with AvicelR,
indicating comparable direct compression properties with it.
A non-self compressible high dose drug as exemplified by paracetamol, (500mg
dose per tablet) was employed in the tablet formulation using five dry mixed
concentrations from and including 10 to 30% of CAC, CMCC and Aviccl as sole
excipient dry binder. Half of the excipient was dry mixed with the drug before
pelletization and comminution processes while the other half was admixed extra
granularly and compared in the single station tablet. Although the tablet weight
varied according to the excipient content, each tablet contained 500mg of the drug.
The percent weight variation were all within 2.4% with upper limits mostly within
the higher excipient concentrations most probably due to higher content of
exragranular fines which is amenable to higher segregative tendencies.
The specific thickness in mm per mg tablet weight was generally lowest with the
highest (25 and 30%) dry binder content due to higher compressibility of the tablet
containing higher compressible excipient. It also followed that the hardness and
the friability of the tablets were highest and lowest respectively with the highest
dry binder content.
The shortest disintegration time was obtained at 20% and 30% dry binder content
for both CAC and CMCC while AvicelR produced exceptionally longer
disintegration time at both extreme contents.
CAC and CMCC at both extreme contents appear to produce better bioavailability
properties than the Avicel possibly due to its lowest hardness effect observed at
lowest concentration and highest hardness effect at highest binder content. The
formulation was most successful at 25% excipient content with CAC and CMCC
which were found superior to Aviccl , possibly consequential upon the two
different plant sources.
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY ZARIA NIGERIA IN PARTIAL
FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD
OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN
PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICS AND PHARMACEUTICAL
MICROBIOLOGY, FACULTY OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA NIGERIA
Keywords
PROPERTIES,, DIRECTLY,, COMPRESSED,, PARACETAMOL TABLETS,, CONTAINING,, ALPHA,, MICROCRYSTALLINE,, CELLULOSE,, DERIVED,, MAIZE,, COBS