CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIBIOGRAM OF STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE AMONG PNEUMONEIC PATIENTS IN TWO ISOLATION HOSPITALS IN BAUCHI STATE, NIGERIA
CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIBIOGRAM OF STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE AMONG PNEUMONEIC PATIENTS IN TWO ISOLATION HOSPITALS IN BAUCHI STATE, NIGERIA
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Date
2016-11
Authors
YUSUF, Ibrahim Abubakar
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Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a Gram positive, alpha-hemolytic, anaerobic organism and a significant human pathogen recognized as a major cause of pneumonia. This study was carried out to isolate, characterize and determine the antibiogram of Streptococcus pneumoniae among pneumoneic patients in two hospitals in Bauchi State, Nigeria. Sputum and throat swab samples were collected from a total of 373 patients and inoculated on blood agar for the isolation of pneumococci. Gram staining, sensitivity to optochin as well as bile solubility tests were carried out to identify the alpha-haemolytic streptococcus strains. All isolates biochemically identified as Streptococcus pneumoniae were further confirmed using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The antibiotic susceptibility test of the Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated was also determined. Out of the 373 samples analyzed 255 (68.4%) weres alpha-hemolytic isolates, of which 14 (3.75%) were biochemically identified as Streptococcus pneumoniae. PCR detection of autolysin gene in the isolates revealed that only 9 (2.41%) were molecularly identified as Streptococcus pneumoniae. Higher occurrence of 3.8% was observed among the age group of <1-19 years old while the least was 0.86% among the a ge group of ≥50 years old but the difference was not statistically significant at p>0.05. All the Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates were found to be resistant to penicillin, augmentin and tetracycline. However, only one isolate was resistant to clindamycin 1 (11.1%). Penicillin binding protein (Pbp2b) gene was the only resistance gene detected in only one among all the resistant isolates. It was concluded that Streptococcus pneumoniae could be a common cause of pneumonia among individuals of <1-19 years in the study area and clindamycin could be used as the antibiotic of choice for treatment of the infection.
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A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA,
IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF A MASTER DEGREE IN MICROBIOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY,
FACULTY OF LIFE SCIENCES,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
NIGERIA
Keywords
CHARACTERIZATION,, ANTIBIOGRAM,, STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE,, PNEUMONEIC PATIENTS,, TWO ISOLATION HOSPITALS,, BAUCHI STATE,, NIGERIA