CONTROL OF' GROUNDNUT ROSETTE VIRUS AND ITS VECTOR, APHIS CRACCIVORA KOCH.
CONTROL OF' GROUNDNUT ROSETTE VIRUS AND ITS VECTOR, APHIS CRACCIVORA KOCH.
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Date
1986-10
Authors
ABUBAKAR, YAHAYA MAFARA
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Abstract
The study was conducted .with a view to determine
the effects of plant population, sowing aates,
insecticides and interaction between the three
factors on the epidemiology and control of groundnut
rosette virus and its aphid vector, Aphis craccivora
Koch. Results obtained show that irrespective of
planting date or plant density, peak populations of
Aphis craccivora are attained between the last week
of July and first week of August. Groundnuts are
found to be colonised starting at germination
especially when planted late.
During the two years of trials, rosette incidence
was about 2%. However, the severity was higher and
the disease spread much faster on control plots than
on insecticide treated plots. Insecticide treatment
did not prevent primary infection of rosette.
Cheilomenes sulphurea, C. vicina and Scymnus sp,
(Coccinellidae) and Xanthogramma aegypticum, Paragus
borbonicus (Syrphidae) were the most commonly recorded
aphid natural enemies, but did not exert significant
suppressing effect. Their role in the integrated
control of the aphids as vectors is discussed.
Fewer aphids and higher pod yield and shelling
percentage were recorded on insecticide treated,
earlier and more densely planted groundnuts. Planting
date had stronger--influence on groundnut-yield than
spacing or insecticide treatment. Carbofuran applied
as Furadan 3G proved superior to ethiofencarb
(Croneton 500 E.G.), pirimicarb (Pirimor ED Spray)
and carbosulfan (Marshall 5% Dust) in aphid control.
Application of carbofuran at 0.75kg a.i./ha proved
as effective as 1.0 and 1.5kg a.i./ha during the
first 30 days of planting. The various interactions
of planting date, plant population and insecticide
treatments on aphids and other parameters such as
yields are discussed.
Description
A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture,
Ahmadu Bello University in partial fulfillment of
the requirements for the degree of Master of
Science in Crop Protection.
Department of Crop Protection
Faculty of Agriculture
Ahmadu Bello University
Zaria.
October, 1986.
Keywords
CONTROL,, GROUNDNUT,, ROSETTE,, VIRUS,, VECTOR,, APHIS CRACCIVORA, KOCH.