PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIMICROBIAL STUDIES ON THE STEM-BARK OF COMMIPHORA MOLLIS (Oliv. ) Engl. (BURSERACAEA)
PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIMICROBIAL STUDIES ON THE STEM-BARK OF COMMIPHORA MOLLIS (Oliv. ) Engl. (BURSERACAEA)
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Date
2015-09
Authors
KURA, JAMILU HUSSAINI
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Abstract
Commiphora mollis is traditionally used in the treatment of fever (malaria and typhoid)
wound healing, cancer, ulcer and rheumatic condition. The plant grows in Nigeria and across
Africa. Phytochemical analysis of methanol extract of the stem-bark of Commiphora mollis
showed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids and alkaloids. Extensive
Phytochemical studies of ethylacetate water soluble fraction of methanol extract resulted in
isolation (55 fractions, 100ml each were collected and pooled together based on similarities
in their TLC profile to gave 8 major fractions and repeated gel filtration chromatography of
Fraction 5 on Sephadex LH-20 packed column then preparative gave 7.5 mg of compound
X1) and characterization using 1HNMR (9 proton signal 5 aromatic proton δ 7.0- 5.94 ppm,
2 oxymithine protons at 4.8 and 4.2 ppm and 2 methylene protons at 2.8 and 2.75 ppm),
13
CNMR (15 carbon signals 12 in aromatic region, 2 oxymethine carbon and 1 methylene
carbon.), DEPT (7 methine 1 methylene 1 quatenery ), 1H 1H COSY ( correlation between
protons at 7.0, H2’ // 6.83, H6’ 7.0, H2’ // 4.8, H2 6.83, H6’ // 4.8, H2 4.8, H2 // 4.2,
H3 4.8, H2 // 2.8, H4 4.2 , H3 // 2.8, H4 ), HSQC (correlation between proton and
carbon at 7.0, H2’ // 114, C2’ 6.83, H6’ // 118.10, C6’ 6.8, H5’ // 114.60, C5’ 5.8, H6 //
94, C6 4.82, H2 // 78.48, C2 4.21, H3 // 66.10, C3 2.8, H4 and 2.7, H4 // 27.84, C4 ),
HMBC and NOESY. The antimicrobial studies of the crude methanol extract, Chloroform
and ethylacetate fractions were carried out using disc diffusion and broth agar dilution
methods on clinical isolates of Corynebacterium ulcerans, Salmonella typhi, Proteus
mirabilis, Bacillus sabtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogens, Escherichia coli,
Candida brusei, Shigella dysenteriae and Candida albicans. The crude methanol extract,
chloroform and ethylacetate fractions showed strong inhibitory activity against all tested
microoganisms with exception of Corynebacterium ulcerans, Salmonella typhi and Proteus
mirabilis. Crude methanol extract was found to have MIC at 10 mg/ml for all organisms and
variable value of MBC/MFC and that of chloroform and ethylacetate fractions have variable
value for both MIC and MBC. The stem-bark of Commiphora mollis was rich in bioactive phytochemicals which have antimicrobial activity and could serve as a potential source of
compounds effective against disease causing micro- organisms.
Description
A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF
POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY
ZARIA, NIGERIA.
IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR
THE AWARD OF MASTERS OF SCIENCE DEGREE IN
PHARMACEUTICAL AND MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND MEDICINAL
CHEMISTRY
FACULTY OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA - NIGERIA.
Keywords
PHYTOCHEMICAL,, ANTIMICROBIAL STUDIES,, STEM-BARK,, COMMIPHORA MOLLIS,, (Oliv. ),, Engl.,, (BURSERACAEA),