THE HYDROGEOLOGY OF CHIKUN AND ENVIRONS (KAKURI SHEET 144 NW) NORTH CENTRAL- NIGERIA
THE HYDROGEOLOGY OF CHIKUN AND ENVIRONS (KAKURI SHEET 144 NW) NORTH CENTRAL- NIGERIA
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Date
2017-09
Authors
BERNARD, OGBOR ODEY
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Abstract
The Hydrogeology of Chikun and Environs (Kakuri Sheet 144 NW) North Central- Nigeriawas studied using geological, hydrogeological and geophysical methods. The major rock mapped within the study area include; mica schist, granitic gneiss and porphyritic granite. The petrographic analyses carried out reveals the presence of quartz, muscovite, microcline, perthite, biotite, plagioclase, and orthoclase. Results of VES interpretation reveal four to six geoelectric layers, thicknesses and their respective resistivity values that include; Top soil having the thickness and resistivity of 0 m and 391.0 Ω , sandy clay: 7.51 m and 291.0 Ω, consolidated sand: 22.12 m and 204.1 Ω , highly weathered basement: 27.57 m and 262.6 Ω, partially weathered basement: 30.85 m and 427.0 Ω, and the fresh basement: 87.50 m and 604.4 Ω. Based on hydraulic head measurements from 38 hand-dug wells, the groundwater configuration map for both dry and wet seasons were drawn to show the groundwater flow direction of the study area. The borehole performance was examined using information on hydraulic characteristics of the aquifer that include yield ranging from (15.552-88.128 m3/day), Transmissivity, T (1.779 x 100- 8.96 x 10-1 m2/day) and Storativity, S (1.03 x 10-1-3.706 x 10-3) as computed from the pumping test result. The geochemical results show Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) ranging from 8-365 mg/l having a median value of 14 mg/l with an average of 70.1mg/l, Electrical conductivity (EC) ranges from 13-522 μS/cm having a median value of 69 μS/cm with an average of 100.1 μS/cm, Temperature ranges from 6-30.75°C having a median value of 13.35 °C with an average of 22°C and pH ranges from 5.26-6.8 having a median value of 5.89 with an average of 6. The major and minor elements concentrations are mostly within the permissible limit of NIS (2007) and WHO (2011). The results show that the groundwater in the study area is
potable and suitable for domestic, industrial and agricultural uses, except in some locations like Gwogofe, Damba 2, Gwagwada 3, AngwanTurai, GudunGuya and Angwan Alkali 2 where the concentration of Pb and Crare slightly above permissible limits. Based on the VES interpretation, VES 1, 2, 5, 8, 9, 13 and 15 can be considered for citing a borehole because of their relatively lower resistivities (between 195.3-215.1 ohm meters). Similarly, VES 3, 4, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12 and 14 are considered suitable for citing boreholes (between 213.3-259.0 ohm meters). The groundwater potential for the study area is rated low having a coefficient of T (m2/d) ranging from 10-1 within the class of T magnitude of IV when compared with Krasny‟s Classification of Transmissivity of Magnitude and Variation, this classification suggests that the volume of groundwater within the study area is for smaller withdrawals for local water supply (Private consumption).
Description
A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF A MASTER DEGREE OF SCIENCE IN GEOLOGY (HYDROGEOLOGY) DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY, FACULTY OF PHYSICAL SCIENCES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA
Keywords
HYDROGEOLOGY,, CHIKUN,, ENVIRONS,, KAKURI SHEET 144 NW,, NORTH CENTRAL,, - NIGERIA,