INCIDENCE OF SURGICAL SITE NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS IN FEMALE AND MALE SURGICAL WARDS OF AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL, ZARIA, NIGERIA
INCIDENCE OF SURGICAL SITE NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS IN FEMALE AND MALE SURGICAL WARDS OF AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL, ZARIA, NIGERIA
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Date
2012-10
Authors
ADENIKE, Bello Elizabeth
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Abstract
Incidence of surgical site nosocomial infections and antibiotics susceptibility profiles of
bacterial isolates in Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria Kaduna State, Nigeria
were investigated. A 2- year retrospective study was carried out followed by 6-months
prospective study and then a follow – up study on surgical site nosocomial infection.
The retrospective study was carried out by assessing patients’ medical files and microbiology
laboratory records, which were analysed for the determination of the prevalence of surgical
site nosocomial infections. The results were statistically evaluated using Chi-square test. The
prospective study used bacteriological analysis of air in the modular theatre and surgical wards
of the Teaching Hospital. A 6 months follow- up study of nosocomial surgical site infections
was carried out for patients who underwentelective surgeries with antibiotic prophylaxis,
bacteriological monitoring of the surgical sites from time of surgery until the wound healing
occurred or on their discharge from the hospital. Antibiotic susceptibility profiles of the
bacterial isolates were determined using the agar diffusion methods as described in official
monographs.
The result of the retrospective study of surgical site nosocomial infections in surgical wards of
Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria showed prevalence rates of surgical site
nosocomial infections, of 10.5 % and 8.32% respectively for the two years. Superficial
surgical sites were more frequently infected compared with other sites. The leading causative
agents of nosocomial infection in the retrospective study were S. aureus, E.coli, S.epidermidis,
and Ps. aeruginosa in decreasing order of frequencies in the two years of study. Antibiotic
susceptibility tests showed that all the bacterial isolates were multiple antibiotics resistant
(MAR) with more than 65% of the isolates having MAR index > 0.2 in the two years of study.
The result of the bacteriological study of nosocomial infection in surgical wards of ABUTH,
Zaria among patients showed the incidence of nosocomial infection to be 33.0%. S.aureuswas
the most commonly isolated organism followed by S.epidermidis. The result of the follow-up
study of patients who hadelective surgery and antibiotic prophylaxis in the hospital showed
that the risk factors played a significant role in causing surgical site infection.
Bacteriology of air atAhmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, showed that a total of 24
bacteria were isolated both in the wards and the theatre. The results showed that the antibiotic
susceptibility profile of most Bacillusspp isolated from the air in the wards and theatres were
resistant to all the antibiotics except Ciprofloxacin and Nitrofurantoin of the test antibiotics.
All the bacterial isolated from the air were multiple antibiotics resistant (MAR),with MAR
index of >0.2.
Most of the bacterial isolated from wounds were multiple antibiotics resistant (MAR) with
over 68% of the wound pathogen having an MAR index of > 0.2
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE POST GRADUATE SCHOOL AHMADU BELLO
UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE
AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF M.Sc PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICS AND PHARMACEUTICAL
MICROBIOLOGY,
FACULTY OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES ,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY,
ZARIA, NIGERIA
Keywords
INCIDENCE,, SURGICAL SITE NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS,, FEMALE AND MALE SURGICAL WARDS,, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL,, ZARIA,, NIGERIA.