EVALUATION OF SERUM LEVELS OF RANKL, NF-κBAND OXIDATIVE STRESS BIOMARKERS AMONG POSTMENOPAUSAL PATIENTS WITH BREAST CANCER ATTENDING AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL ZARIA, NIGERIA

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Date
2023-07
Authors
ABDULLAHI, Abubakar Maru
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Abstract
Breast cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among postmenopausal women in developing countries, including Nigeria. Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) have been implicated in breast carcinogenesis. Considering racial disparities in breast cancer pathogenesis and response to therapy, this study examined serum levels of RANKL, NF-κBand oxidative stress biomarkers among postmenopausal breast cancer patients attending Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH). Socio-demographic characteristics were assessed using semi-structured questionnaires and clinical parameters were assessed frommedical records. RANKL and NF-κB levels were analysed using ELISA while MDA and GSH levels were determined using Ellman and Niehaus &Samuelssen methods respectively. The mean age of the respondents was 54.7 ± 6.7 years, while the modal age was 45-50 years. Triple negative breast cancer subtype accounted for 40% of the patients, while 83.3% had invasive carcinoma histological type. Serum RANKL was significantly (P<0.05) higher (40%) in breast cancer patients when compared to apparently healthy controls, but lowest in triple negative patients when compared to other subtypes. NF-κB concentration was significantly (P<0.05) higher (83.7%) in breast cancer patients but highest among triple negative and HER2-enriched patients when compared to apparently healthy control. Oxidative stress markers (GSH and MDA) were significantly (P<0.05) higher in breast cancer patients when compared to apparently healthy control. A significant (P<0.05) association between RANKL, NF-κBlevels and disease severity (stage I to stage IV) was also observed. Collectively, the results showed that RANKL, NF-κBand oxidative stress biomarkers serum levels were associated with disease severity among the postmenopausal breast cancer patients, necessitating further longitudinalstudy with larger sample size on their possible prognostic potential.
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A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER DEGREE IN BIOCHEMISTRY (MSc. Biochemistry) DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY, FACULTY OF LIFE SCIENCES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA
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