PREVALENCE OF HYDATIDOSIS IN CATTLE AND CAMELS IN MAIDUGURI AND GASHUA ABATTOIRS NIGERIA
PREVALENCE OF HYDATIDOSIS IN CATTLE AND CAMELS IN MAIDUGURI AND GASHUA ABATTOIRS NIGERIA
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Date
2018-01
Authors
YAKUBU, Rebecca Arin
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Abstract
Prevalence of hydatidosis in cattle and camels slaughtered in Maiduguri and Gashua abattoirs base on serological test and present of cysts was carried out in September to November 2012, and April to July 2013. Gross examination of lungs, liver, heart and kidneys for hydatid cyst was carried out by palpation on randomly selected animals and blood samples were collected for serology. Protein profiles of hydatid cyst fluid in camels were analysed using Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). A ten year retrospective study at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital was carried out to determine records of human hydatidosis. A total of 805 animals were sampled; 560 from Maiduguri and 245 from Gashua, four hundred and sixty four (464) of the samples were camels while 341 were cattle. The overall prevalence of cystic was 13.8% (14.1% in Maiduguri and 13.1% in Gashua) and seroprevalence was 40.5% (44.8% in Maiduguri and 30.6% in Gashua). Maiduguri had the highest cyst prevalence in camels (25%), then Gashua (19%), while the lowest cyst prevalence (1%) was recorded in cattle slaughtered in Gashua. The highest seroprevalence (53%) was recorded in Maiduguri camels and the lowest (24.3%) was in cattle in Gashua. The association between location and age with either cyst prevalence or seroprevalence of hydatidosis was significant (P=0.00). There was no significant association (P>0.05) between cystic prevalence and seroprevalance with the sex of the animals. Gross examination of visceral organs showed that lungs and liver had cysts the heart, spleen and kidney had no cyst. The liver had the highest number of cysts 77(9.6%) and while the lungs had 51(6.3%). A total of the 50 cysts were collected, 46 from camels and 4 from cattle. 54% (27/50) were small cyst and 46(23/50) were medium cyst. 36% of the cysts were fertile, 40% were infertile and 24% were calcified. The SDS-PAGE analysis of camel hydatid cysts fluids revealed protein bands at 64kda, 91kda, 160 kda and 200kda molecular units. While the purified revealed bands at 64kda, 91kda, 120kda, 160kda, and 200kda corresponding to antigen 5 and 160kda of a thermo stable antigen B. There was no record of human hydatidosis in the hospital records during the retrospective study. In conclusion, hydatidosis is prevalent in cattle and camels in Maiduguri and Gashua; location and age were highly associated with infection and no human record of hydatidosis was found in records of selected Hospitals within the study area. It was recommended that serological studies be conducted more frequently alongside post mortem findings in other states and in different species of farm animals.
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A THESIS SUBMITTED TO SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN ZOOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY, FACULTY OF LIFE SCIENCES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA
Keywords
PREVALENCE,, HYDATIDOSIS,, CATTLE,, CAMELS,, MAIDUGURI,, GASHUA,, ABATTOIRS,, NIGERIA