Phytochemical and Some Pharmacological Studies on the Stem Bark of Anogeissus lieocarpus (Combretacea)
Phytochemical and Some Pharmacological Studies on the Stem Bark of Anogeissus lieocarpus (Combretacea)
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Date
2004-03
Authors
Abdel Farrag, El-Tayeb Einas
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Abstract
The plant Anogeissus lieocarpus (Combretacea), is a plant widely used in Africa as a
remedy for abdominal pains, cough and chest pain. The plant is also beneficial in leprosy, malaria,
anthelmentic, fungal and bacterial infections. The bark of Anogeissus lieocarpus was screened
phytochemically and it was found to be rich in alkaloids, flavonoids, other poly phenols, sterols,
saponins, carbohydrates, tannins and anthraquinones.
Ethyl acetate extract of the bark was fractionated into fractions C and P, and these
fractions were subjected to Gas chromatography-Mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Fraction C gave
17 - (1,5 – dimethyl – 3 - phenyl sulfanyl hex – 4 - enyl) - 4,4,10,13,14 – pentamethyl -
2,3,4,5,6,7,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17 - tetradeca hydro - 1H - cyclopent phenanthrene; 3`H - cyclo
prop (1,2) - 5-cholest - 1- en – 3 - one, 1`-carboethoxy - 1`- cyano - 1,2 - dihydro and Ursa, 9(11),
12 – dien – 28 - oic acid, 3 - (acetyloxy)-methyl ester, (3beta), while fraction P gave nhexadecanoic
acid; 1- nonadecene; Oleic acid and Oleic acid, 3 - (octadecyloxy) propyl ester; and
steroids such as 3, 9, beta, 14, 15 – Diepoxy preg – 16 – en - 20-one, 3,11, beta, 18 - triacetoxy;
(22S) – 21 - Acetoxy – 6 - alpha, 11- beta – dihydroxy - 16 alpha, 17 - propylmethylene, dioxypregna
-1,4 – diene - 3,20 – dione,; Glycine, N-[(3. alpha, 5.beta, 12.alpha) – 3,12 –dihydroxy -
24 - oxocholan-24-yl]; 25 – Norisopropyl - 9,19 - cyclo lanostan – 22 – en – 24 – one; 3 –acetoxy
– 24 - phenyl; Beta - sitosterol acetate; and cholesterol.
The ethanolic extract of the bark was observed to antagonize histamine-induced
contractions on isolated guinea pig ileum in a dose dependant manner. Similarly the extract
reverses acetylcholine induced contractions on the isolated guinea pig ileum. The extract also
relaxes the isolated tissue.
Description
A Thesis submitted to the Post Graduate School, Ahmadu Bello University, in partial
fulfilment of the requirements for the Award of the Master’s Degree of Science in
(Pharmaceutical Chemistry).
Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry,
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Ahmadu Bello University,
Zaria.
Keywords
Phytochemical,, Pharmacological,, Studies,, Stem,, Bark,, Anogeissus,, lieocarpus, (Combretacea)