HYPOLIPIDEMIC EFFECT OF BIFLAVONOID FRACTION FROM ROOT BARK, STEM BARK AND SEED OF GARCINIA KOLA ON POLOXAMER 407 INDUCED HYPERLIPIDEMIC RATS

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Date
2014-07
Authors
ENE, BLESSING ADEJOR
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Abstract
Phytopreventive and phytotherapeutic effects of Garcinia kola (root bark, stem bark and seed) biflavonoid fractions in Poloxamer 407 (P407) induced hyperlipidemic rats were studied using standard methods. The total flavonoid content of root bark (63.99±2.94 mg quercetin equivalent/g of dry fraction) was significantly (p<0.05) lower compared to stem bark (96.54±1.70) and seed (197.29±0.64) biflavonoid fractions. The phytopreventive study showed a significant (p<0.05) reduction in serum total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) concentrations of all treated groups when compared with hyperlipidemic control while the root bark and stem bark biflavonoid fractions significantly (p<0.05) increased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) when compared to all other groups. Atherogenic risk predictor indices showed significant (p<0.05) increase in HDL-c/TC ratio and significant (p<0.05) decrease in LDL-c/HDL-c and log (TG/HDL-c) ratios in all biflavonoid treated groups when compared to hyperlipidemic control. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was the only serum liver damage indicator enzyme significantly (p<0.05) reduced by root bark biflavonoid fraction when compared to hyperlipidemic control. Liver function tests showed total bilirubin (TB) level was significantly p<0.05) increased while albumin (ALB) was significantly (p<0.05) decreased in hyperlipidemic rats compared to normal rats. However all induced treated groups had significantly (p<0.05) lower TB level while ALB was not significantly (p>0.05) changed when compared to hyperlipidemic and normal control. Haematological assay showed significant (p<0.05) decrease in platelet count of all treated groups when compared to hyperlipidemic control as well as a significant (p<0.05) increase in neutrophils of all induced groups compared to normal control. All biflavonoid fractions significantly (p<0.05) reduced liver and spleen weights while root bark and stem bark fractions significantly (p<0.05) reduced heart weight compared to hyperlipidemic control but only the root bark fraction significantly (p<0.05) increased body weight change compared to all other groups. In the phytotherapeutic study, atorvastatin and all biflavonoid fractions also significantly (p<0.05) reduced TC, TG and LDL-c concentrations compared to hyperlipidemic control while only the seed biflavonoid fraction significantly (p<0.05) increased HDL-c compared to normal control. All treated groups had significantly (p<0.05) higher HDL-c/TC and significantly (p<0.05) lower LDL-c/HDL-c but only the seed fraction and the standard drug significantly (p<0.05) lowered log (TG/HDL-c) when compared to hyperlipidemic control. Analysis of liver damage indicators showed only AST was significantly (p<0.05) reduced by stem bark biflavonoid fraction when compared to hyperlipidemic control. Liver function test also showed TB level of treated groups was significantly (p<0.05) reduced and ALB level was not significantly (p>0.05) changed when compared to hyperlipidemic control. Haematological assay showed significant (p<0.05) reduction in platelet count of treated groups compared to hyperlipidemic control and significant (p<0.05) increase in red blood cell (RBC) count of seed biflavonoid treated group compared to normal control. Spleen weight was significantly (p<0.05) reduced in all treated groups compared to hyperlipidemic control while only the seed significantly (p<0.05) reduced body weight change compared to normal control
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A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA. IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTERS OF SCIENCE DEGREE IN BIOCHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY FACULTY OF SCIENCE AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA. JULY, 2014
Keywords
HYPOLIPIDEMIC,, BIFLAVONOID,, FRACTION,, BARK,, GARCINIA,, STEM BARK,, POLOXAMER,, HYPERLIPIDEMIC,, RATS
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