ADSORPTION OF COLOUR FROM TEXTILE WASTEWATER USING ACTIVATED CARBON DERIVED FROM CASSAVA PEEL, MAIZE, GROUNDNUT AND RICE HUSKS

No Thumbnail Available
Date
2013-05
Authors
Onoharigho, Rita OKPUWHARA
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
ABSTRACT The adsorption of colour from textile wastewater using activated carbon derived from cassava peel, maize, and groundnut and rice husks has been studied. Commercially activated carbon is expensive, it is therefore important to find low cost precursors to be used as adsorbents especially in a developing country like Nigeria. The optimization of activating conditions of temperature, time and acid ratio for the activation of maize husk was investigated. Results showed that the optimized condition for conversion to AC is at 550°C (45min) and 60% acid ratio using phosphoric acid. All the biosorbents were prepared by chemical activation and were characterized for their BET surface area, pore volume, ash content, carbon yield, moisture content, volatile content, SEM/EDS and FTIR. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out as a function of parameters such as pH, time, adsorbent dose, particle size and adsorbate concentration. At their optimized state, among the biosorbents, maize husk activated carbon has the highest dye removal for the basic yellow dye while groundnut husk activated carbon has the highest removal for the basic green dye in the effluent. Thus, the studies show that the dye removal percentage results are an indication that the biosorbents could compare, to a good extent with commercial activated carbon and could be used as low-cost alternatives in the wastewater treatment for removal of basic dyes. According to linear regression criterion, the Freundlich isotherm model fits better than Langmuir model for dye adsorption, though both models have high fitness for this biosorption. Adsorption parameters for Langmuir and Freudlich isotherm models were examined for dye adsorption and for the validity of the models to analyse the equilibrium data, it was found that Langmuir model fits better for the removal of the basic yellow dye and Freundlich model fits better for the removal of the basic green dye contained in the effluent. vii TABLE OF CONTENTS Title Page …………………………………………………………...…………….. i Declaration …………………………………………................................................ii Certification …………………………………………..............................................iii Acknowledgements …………………………………………...................................iv Abstract …………………………………………………………………………….
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF A MASTER OF SCIENCE DEGREE IN TEXTILE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. DEPARTMENT OF TEXTILE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, FACULTY OF SCIENCE
Keywords
ADSORPTION, COLOUR, TEXTILE, WASTEWATER, ACTIVATED, CARBON DERIVED, CASSAVA PEEL,, MAIZE,, GROUNDNUT, RICE HUSKS.
Citation
Collections