ADSORPTION OF COLOUR FROM TEXTILE WASTEWATER USING ACTIVATED CARBON DERIVED FROM CASSAVA PEEL, MAIZE, GROUNDNUT AND RICE HUSKS
ADSORPTION OF COLOUR FROM TEXTILE WASTEWATER USING ACTIVATED CARBON DERIVED FROM CASSAVA PEEL, MAIZE, GROUNDNUT AND RICE HUSKS
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Date
2013-05
Authors
Onoharigho, Rita OKPUWHARA
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
The adsorption of colour from textile wastewater using activated carbon derived from
cassava peel, maize, and groundnut and rice husks has been studied. Commercially
activated carbon is expensive, it is therefore important to find low cost precursors to be
used as adsorbents especially in a developing country like Nigeria. The optimization of
activating conditions of temperature, time and acid ratio for the activation of maize husk
was investigated. Results showed that the optimized condition for conversion to AC is at
550°C (45min) and 60% acid ratio using phosphoric acid. All the biosorbents were
prepared by chemical activation and were characterized for their BET surface area, pore
volume, ash content, carbon yield, moisture content, volatile content, SEM/EDS and FTIR.
Batch adsorption experiments were carried out as a function of parameters such as pH,
time, adsorbent dose, particle size and adsorbate concentration. At their optimized state,
among the biosorbents, maize husk activated carbon has the highest dye removal for the
basic yellow dye while groundnut husk activated carbon has the highest removal for the
basic green dye in the effluent. Thus, the studies show that the dye removal percentage
results are an indication that the biosorbents could compare, to a good extent with
commercial activated carbon and could be used as low-cost alternatives in the wastewater
treatment for removal of basic dyes. According to linear regression criterion, the Freundlich
isotherm model fits better than Langmuir model for dye adsorption, though both models
have high fitness for this biosorption. Adsorption parameters for Langmuir and Freudlich
isotherm models were examined for dye adsorption and for the validity of the models to
analyse the equilibrium data, it was found that Langmuir model fits better for the removal
of the basic yellow dye and Freundlich model fits better for the removal of the basic green
dye contained in the effluent.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page …………………………………………………………...…………….. i
Declaration …………………………………………................................................ii
Certification …………………………………………..............................................iii
Acknowledgements …………………………………………...................................iv
Abstract …………………………………………………………………………….
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD
OF A
MASTER OF SCIENCE DEGREE IN TEXTILE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY.
DEPARTMENT OF TEXTILE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,
FACULTY OF SCIENCE
Keywords
ADSORPTION, COLOUR, TEXTILE, WASTEWATER, ACTIVATED, CARBON DERIVED, CASSAVA PEEL,, MAIZE,, GROUNDNUT, RICE HUSKS.