THE EFFECT OF PROCESSED ALBIZZIA LEBBECK SEED MEALS ON THE GROWTH AND FEED UTILIZATION OF CLARIAS GARIEPINUS (TEUGELS) JUVENILES
THE EFFECT OF PROCESSED ALBIZZIA LEBBECK SEED MEALS ON THE GROWTH AND FEED UTILIZATION OF CLARIAS GARIEPINUS (TEUGELS) JUVENILES
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Date
2006-11
Authors
ANWA, EKAETE PATRICK
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Abstract
The seeds of Albizzia lebbeck were processed and chemically analyzed for their proximate
composition, anti-nutritional factors and amino acid profile. Results obtained from the first phase of
the experiment determined the particular treatments that were used for the feeding trial. Four
isoproteic (40% crude protein) diets were formulated with same protein ingredients and basal
ingredients and fed at 5% body weight to groups of Clarias gariepinus juveniles of mean initial body
weight of 15.8 ± 0.4g in eight out-door concrete tanks each measuring 1.3m x 0.9m x 1m capacity
(1.17m3) for 8 weeks. Proximate composition of the different Treatments showed that they had low
moisture content (2.47 – 5.29%). The seeds were found to be rich in crude protein (29.73 – 38.04%)
and carbohydrates (32.28 – 37.47%) but low in lipid content (5.08 – 6.87%). The phytochemical
screening of the seeds showed the presence of anti-nutritional factors, however, tannin levels were
negligible while cyanogenic glycoside and phytic acid levels were low. The amino acid levels of
histidine and leucine were adequate when compared with the Essential Amino Acid requirements for
Clarias gariepinus. Diets 1–4 contained Albizzia seeds processed as follows: raw (D1), boiled for 15
minutes (D2), boiled for 30 minutes (D3) and boiled for 1 hour (D4). Water quality parameters:
dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH, electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids were monitored
and no mortality was observed during the experimental period. Growth and nutrient utilization
indices: Mean Weight Gain (MWG), Specific Growth Rate (SGR%), Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR)
and Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER) were calculated. The best growth and nutrient utilization values
were observed in D4 with significantly higher (P<0.05) MWG and SGR. Growth performance of the
juveniles increased as heat exposure time of the seeds increased. Fish fed D1(Control) showed a
significantly (P < 0.05) lower growth performance, higher carcass nitrogen free extract and lower
levels of crude protein when compared with all other dietary groups. The present study indicates that
the inclusion of Albizzia seed meal (replacement of 50% of the total dietary protein of feed) after
boiling for one hour significantly improved the growth performance and feed utilization of C.
gariepinus juveniles compared with that of the raw seed meal. This investigation provided useful
information on the chemical constituents of differently treated seeds of A. lebbeck and their
incorporation into fish feed meals for Clarias gariepinus juveniles was recommended.
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL IN
PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE
AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN
FISHERIES
DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
FACULTY OF SCIENCE
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY
ZARIA
NIGERIA
NOVEMBER, 2006
Keywords
EFFECT,, PROCESSED,, ALBIZZIA,, LEBBECK,, SEED MEALS,, GROWTH,, FEED,, CLARIAS,, GARIEPINUS,, TEUGELS,, JUVENILES