INHERITANCE OF RESISTANCE TO APHID (Aphis craccivora Koch) IN GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogeae L.)
INHERITANCE OF RESISTANCE TO APHID (Aphis craccivora Koch) IN GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogeae L.)
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Date
2014-06
Authors
BASHIR, Yusuf Rini
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Abstract
Nine Groundnut genotypes, consisting of three male testers (ICGV-SM 00020/5/9, 1CGXSM
00017/5/P10/P1, ICGX-SM 00020/5/P4/P1) and six female lines (ICGV IS 07890,
1CGV IS 07899, ICIAR-19BT IS 07899, SAMNUT 14, KWANKWASO, and
MANIPENTA) were crossed in a line x tester mating design to develop 18 hybrids. The
resultant hybrids and parents were evaluated in the screen house using a complete
randomize design at Samaru (Northern Guinea savanna 110 11’, 70 38’ E, 686m above sea
level) in 2012 to obtain information on genetic variation, combining ability, heritability and
correlation for resistance aphid and several quantitative traits. The variances due to SCA
and GCA showed that both additive and non-additive, possibly dominant gene actions are
important. Highly significant differences were observed among all entries for aphid damage
index (D.I) and days to maturity. Significant differences were recorded among hybrids for
seed weight(g), number of pods, days to maturity and aphid damage index. Significant
effects among female parents were observed in their GCA for pod yield, 100-seed weight,
and number of pods per plant and among male parents for 100-seed weight and days to
maturity. Specific combining ability ( SCA ) for ICGX – SM 00020/5/P4/P1 x ICGV IS
07890, ICGX – SM 00017/5/P10/P1 x KWANKWASO and ICGX – SM 00017/5/P10/P1
x SAMNUT 14 revealed maximum positive result for pod weight. Lower negative SCA
was observed among most of the hybrids for the characters studied. It was observed that
genotypic correlation coefficients were higher than phenotypic correlation, genetic advance
as a percentage of mean was generally low for all the characters studied (0.22 -10.68)
indicating less progress in selection. Narrow sense heritability (h2) was generally low as low
as (1.80%) for days to maturity and seed weight and as high as (6.3 %) for pod yield
indicating non- additive gene action.
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POST GRADUATE STUDIES,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD
OF A
DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE (M.Sc.) IN PLANT BREEDING.
Keywords
INHERITANCE,, RESISTANCE,, APHID,, (Aphis craccivora Koch), GROUNDNUT,, (Arachis hypogeae L.)