STRATIGRAPHY AND S E D I M E N T O L O G Y OF THE AREA AROUND BIDA, NIGER STATE
STRATIGRAPHY AND S E D I M E N T O L O G Y OF THE AREA AROUND BIDA, NIGER STATE
| dc.contributor.author | OLUFEMI, ROBINSON OLUGBEMIRO | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2014-02-06T10:01:52Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2014-02-06T10:01:52Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 1989-01 | |
| dc.description | A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS 1 FOR THE AWARD OF THE MASTER OF SCIENCE IN GEOLOGY | en_US |
| dc.description.abstract | The Bida Basin in the Middle Niger is a shallow trough filled with Campanian — Maastrichi an marine to fluviatile sediments. Four 1ithostratigraphic units which belong to the Nupe Group have been identifed in the area o-f study: Aranaceous, Argillaceous Ironstones and Laterits. These have been grouped under the Bida Formation, Sakpe Ironstone Formation, Enagi Formation and Batati Ironstone Formation. The laterite unit which is Quartenary to Recent in age, is derived from the Ironstone facies. The Ironstone Formations are oolitic and pisolitic and occur at summits of stratigraphic sections while the laterite unit is a product of the ironstone Formation. By field observations a cyclic fining upward and local coarsening upward mode of lithologic succession are deduced for the Argillaceous and Arenaceous unit (Bida Formation and Enagi Formation)- Investigations of the textural properties of sediments in the area of study show that sandstones in the Bida Basin a r e poorly sorted, positively skewed and leptokurtic. The use of bivariate plots for environmental discrimination indicates an environment of deposition that range from fluvial to transitional for pebbles, while for sandstones a more distinct fluvial environment is discernible in the a r e a. Analysis of assemblages of heavy mineral indicates an Igneous-Metamorphic provenance for sands within the studied a r e a , in addition to classification of sandstones, by framework, matrix and cement composition which indicate a m o d e r a t e d e g r e e of maturity. vi i Sedimentary structures display characteristic bias towards a relatively shallow regime of deposition. Assemblages of sedimentary trace fossil range between Thaiassinoides, Ophiomorpha, Giossifungites, Cruziana to Zoophycas indicating a rather shallow environment of deposition, while types and occurrence of sedimentary structures suggests a fluvial environments f o r the nonironstone facies units. The ironstone units a r e distinctive with typical trough cross-bedding, broken shells, and oolitic—pisolitic texture supporting a high energy possibly tidal environment o-f deposition. Paleocurrent analysis indicates a northerly direction of paleoflow with a mean azimuth value of 359. from cross bedding azimuth measurement. Finally, a general inference can be drawn for a subsidence origin f o r the Bida Basin, based on sediment composition, nan—occurrence of rift or volcanic related features within the basin and similarity of sediments with that of the Iullemeden Basin. Although origin of the Bida Basin seems related to tectonic activities in adjacent basement areas: South—western Nigeria, and the Younger arenite Province, but with clastic contribution mainly from the Igneous and Metamorphic basement complex of South—Western Nigeria. An Al1uvial—Fluvial model of deposition is inferred for the Aranaceoous and Argillaceous units while a shallow marine (lagoon, tidal inlet, or barrier island) environment is inferred for the Ironstone facies probably related to the Tethys transgression into Nigeria during the Tertiary, | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/403 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.subject | STRATIGRAPHY | en_US |
| dc.subject | S E D I M E N T O L O G Y | en_US |
| dc.subject | AREA AROUND BIDA, | en_US |
| dc.subject | NIGER STATE | en_US |
| dc.title | STRATIGRAPHY AND S E D I M E N T O L O G Y OF THE AREA AROUND BIDA, NIGER STATE | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |
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