PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND ANTIBACTERIAL STUDIES OF ACACIA SIEBERIANA VAR WOODII (FABACEAE) STEM BARK
PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND ANTIBACTERIAL STUDIES OF ACACIA SIEBERIANA VAR WOODII (FABACEAE) STEM BARK
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2015-01
Authors
IBRAHIM, HADIZA MOHAMMED
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Acacia sieberiana var. Woodii (Fabaceae) is traditionally used as a remedy for stomach
aches and ulcers among some localities in Northern Nigeria. The plant was investigated
sequel to the reports of its ethnomedicine uses in the management of stomach ache and
ulcers. Anatomical and physical constants studies were carried out using standard
procedures. Phytochemical (preliminary studies, thin layer and column chromatography)
were also carried out on the hexane and methanol extracts. Toxicity and antibacterial
studies of the hexane and methanol extracts, and the isolated compound were investigated.
The microscopical studies revealed the presence of cellulose cell wall, lignified and
suberized cell walls, tannins and calcium crystals. Anatomical features identified in the
stem bark consist of epidermis, phellogen, phelloderm, and cortex. The percentage
moisture content and ash values were observed to be 9.0% and 10.5% respectively. Water
extractive value was 1.2% while ethanol extractive value was 1.6%.The preliminary
phytochemical studies as well as the TLC chromatogram of the hexane extract revealed the
presence of steroids and triterpenes while the methanol extract contains tannins,
flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids and triterpenes. Fraction AS1collected through column
chromatography was suggested to be a hydrocarbon on the basis of its colourless and oily
nature. The acute toxicity study carried out indicated that the hexane extract was slightly
toxic while the methanol extract was moderately toxic. Antibacterial studies of the stem
bark carried out showed zones of inhibition between 16 to 27 mm for the hexane and
methanol extracts against Helicobacter pylori, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and
Shigella dysenteriae. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum
bactericidal concentration (MBC) were between the range of 2.5 and 10 mg/ml and 5.0 to
viii
20 mg/ml respectively. Fraction AS1 exerted a dimension of zones of inhibition between
26 to 30 mm against all the bacterial strains except S. typhi. It was also able to exert MIC
and MBC against E. coli and H. pylori at 12.5 and 25µg/ml respectively, while it had MIC
and MBC at the lowest concentrations of 6.25 and 12.5 µg/ml against S. dysenteriae.
Results of the present studies had shown that A. sieberiana and fraction AS1 collected
from this plant have wide antibacterial property
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF
A MASTERS DEGREE IN PHARMACOGNOSY
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOGNOSY AND DRUG DEVELOPMENT
FACULTY OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY
ZARIA
Keywords
PHARMACOGNOSTIC, ANTIBACTERIAL, ACACIA, SIEBERIANA, STEM BARK