COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THREE SEED CAKES PARTLY SUBSTITUTING SOYA BEAN CAKE IN BROILER CHICKENS DIET WITH AND WITHOUT MULTIENZYMES SUPPLEMENTATION
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THREE SEED CAKES PARTLY SUBSTITUTING SOYA BEAN CAKE IN BROILER CHICKENS DIET WITH AND WITHOUT MULTIENZYMES SUPPLEMENTATION
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Date
2021
Authors
SHEHU, Fadila Nuhu
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Abstract
Two feeding trials were conducted to evaluate the growth performance, nutrient
digestibility, haematological profile, lipid profile, liver function and economic benefit of
feeding groundnut cake(GNC), roselle seed cake(RSC) and baobab seed cake (BSC) partly
substituting soya bean cake(SBC)to broiler chickens with and without multienzymes
supplementation. A total of 352Cobb500 broiler chicks were used for the first feeding
trial, they were randomly assigned into four dietary treatments each replicated four times
with 22 birds in a completely randomized design (CRD). The same breed of broiler chicks
were used for the second trial, they were randomly allotted into five dietary treatments
each replicated three times with 22 birds and the experimental design was the same as in
the first trial.Maize-soya bean cake diet served as control T1 for both trials, GNC, RSC
and BSC partly substituting soya bean cake at 20% in the first trial served as T2, T3 and
T4for starter and finisher phases respectively. In the second trial, RSC and BSC partly
substituting soya bean cake at 20% inclusion with and without multienzymes
supplementation served as T2, T3, T4 and T5for starter and finisher phases respectively.
Data generated were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA)and means were
separated using least significant difference(LSD). The growth performance of birds on
SBC diet for the first trial was significantly (P<0.05) better than other groups on final
weight (959.81g), weight gain (909.12g), feed cost per kg gain (195:86 ₦/kg) and feed
conversion ratio (1.77) at starter phase. At finisher phase, performance of birds on SBC
was similar (P>0.05) to GNC group on final weight (2.672 and 2.52 kg), weight gain
(1790.57 and 1688.97g) and feed conversion ratio (2.29 and 2.26). Feed cost/kg gain
(FC/kgG) was significantly (P˂0.05) better for SBC(195:86 ₦/kg)at starter phase while at
finisher phase, birds on GNC had the least value (229:50 ₦/kg).Digestibility of all
nutrients was higher (P<0.05) for birds on RSC diet. Breast weight was higher (P˂0.05) for SBC (29.03%) and RSC (30.55%) and gizzard weight was significantly (P˂0.05)
highfor birds fed diet containing BSC (3.41%).Haematological profile analysis indicated
that the birds were in good health condition. Lipid profile of the birds showed that birds
fed RSC had least (P˂0.05) cholesterol (79.60 mmol/L) and low density lipoprotein
levels(13.30 mmol/L). However, higher gross margin was realized for treatment groups
fed SBC (₦ 1090:40) and GNC (₦1076:65) diets. Result on growth performance in the
second trial for both starter and finisher phases showed that birds on SBC diet performed
significantly (P<0.05) better than other treatment groups. Supplementation with
multienzymes did not significantly (P>0.05) improved the final weight and weight gain for
bird on RSC and BSC diet at starter and finisher phases. Carcass characteristics of some
cut parts (breast and back), organs (liver, heart, gizzard and lungs) and abdominal fat were
significant (P<0.05) with multienzymes addition. Haematological profile, liver function
indices and lipid profile of the birds were not significantly (P>0.05) affected with multienzymes supplementation. Addition of multienzymes significantly (P<0.05) improved the digestibility of all nutrients except for crude fiber and ether extract. Birds fed
SBC diet had the highest gross margin (₦1052:36), but birds on BSC + E and BSC groups
had better return/₦ invested (₦ 2.50 and 2.40). Supplementation of RSC and BSC with
multienzymes partly substituting SBC at 20% in broiler chickens diet did not improve the
final weight and weight gain for the birds but it slightly improved return/₦ invested for
BSC + E and BSC groups by ₦ 0.13 and 0.03. Therefore, GNC at 20% can partly
substitute SBC in finisher diet for improved performance, to reduce production cost and to
increase profit. Also RSC at 20 % can partly substitute SBC for bigger breast muscle yield
and BSC at 20% to reduce feed cost/kg gain at starter phase
Description
THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTERS DEGREE IN ANIMAL
SCIENCE
DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL SCIENCE,
FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY,
ZARIA, NIGERIA