SCIENCE

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    PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIMICROBIAL SCREENING OF THE EXTRACTS OF THE WHOLE PLANT CEROPEGIA DEIGHTONII HUTCH AND DALZIEL (APOCYNACAE).
    (2014-06) AWOLOWO, HABIBULLAH.
    Ceropegia deightoniii, a plant used in North Central Nigeria for the treatment of infectious diseases was subjected to phytochemical and antimicrobial analysis. The phytochemical screening was performed using standard procedures. The result of the phytochemical screening of the n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts revealed the presence of cardiac glycosides, anthraquinones, saponins, terpenes, steroids, flavonoids and tannins. The antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, S. feacalis, E.coli, S. Dysenteriae and C. Albicans was tested using the agar diffusion method as outlined by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). The results of the MIC and MBC showed that the plant extracts had remarkable activity against the tested microorganisms with inhibition zones ranging from 19mm to 26mm except against S. typhi, P. aeruginosa and C. stellafoidea. The MIC values ranged from 5.00 mg/ml to 20.00 mg/ml while the MBC/MFC values ranged from 20.00 mg/ml to 40mg/ml for all the plant extracts against both gram positive and gram negative microorganisms which indicate the broad spectrum of activity of the plant Ceropegia deightonii. Extensive chromatographic separation of the petroleum ether extract led to the isolation of lupeol, a pharmacologically active triterpenoid. The structure of the compound was established by spectral analysis including 1D and 2D NMR.The claims made by the local practitioners were therefore verified to be true to some extent.