Browsing by Author "A. Abubakar"

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    Performance of Natural and Synthetic Polymers for Drag Reduction on Inclined Pipes for Produced Water in Flow System
    (Journal of Institute of Polymer Engineers (JIPE) A Publication of Institute of Polymer Engineers (a division of the Nigerian Society of Engineers), 2022) A. Ahmed; A. Abubakar; L. C. Edomwonyi-Otu; N. Yusuf
    The major challenge in petroleum and gas industries is high energy demand. The performance of natural (okra) and synthetic polyethylene oxide (PEO) polymers for drag reduction on inclined pipes for produce water in flow system was studied using experimental flow facility of unplasticize polyvinyl chloride (uPVC) pipes of 12 and 20 mm internal diameter (ID). The concentrations of 5 – 50 ppm for synthetic and 100 – 500 ppm for the natural polymers at 0.5 – 2.0% oil fraction (α) were investigated using Reynolds number (Re) of 81,425. Bonny light crude oil (density ρo= 862 kg/m3, at 30oC dynamic viscosity μo= 4.5 x 10-3Ns/m2at 30oC) and water (density ρw = 1000 kg/m3, dynamic viscosity μw= 0.91 Ns/m2 at 25oC) used as test fluids. The Δp measured with the use of U-tube manometer for different pipes inclination (+2o, -2o, and -5o).Maximum drag reduction (DR) of 68% PEO at total concentration (tc) of 30 ppm for +2oinclination in 12 mm ID was higher than the value obtained in 20 mm ID at same Re and α of 37,773 and 0.005 respectively. Oil concentrations increases from 0.005 to 2 in the produced water with decreased in % DR. Okra, showed 58% DR lower at 300 ppm tc for same condition of PEO. However, results for -2o and -5o inclinations for PEO slightly varied by 64% and 55% at same Re and α respectively. Lower magnitude of 48% and 32% DR was recorded for okra mucilage. This result showed that inclinations and pipe diameter affect DR on produced water irrespective of the polymer type.