Preprint Journal Articles

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Browsing Preprint Journal Articles by Author "Abba, Hamza"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    Evaluation of Bioavailability of Metals in Underground Water within the Vicinity of Dumpsites in Zaria Metropolis, Nigeria
    (2013) Uzairu, Adamu; Uba, Sani; M. S. Sallau,; Abba, Hamza; Okunola, Oluwole Joshua
    A sequential extraction was used to fractionate Zn, Pb, Cu, Cd, and Hg in waters from the hand- dug wells 100m away from the ten dunrpsites and a control site, 300m away from the Kusfa dumpsite in Zaria metropolis, Nigeria in both the wet and dry seasons. The bioavailable fractions across the seasons and sites were found to be the most abundant pools for all the metals with the exception zinc metal from the NTC dunrpsites wells in the dry season which had only 31.50%. Furthermore, the total extractable fraction for cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and mercury were above the WHO (2006) tolerable limits in both the seasons while the nutritive metals, zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) were within the acceptable limit. However, the total extractable concentrations recorded in the wet across the sites were found lrigher than those in the dry- season, this is attributed leach ability of the metals to the underground water. Overall the potential bioavailabilities of the metals were found to follow similar trend across the seasons (wet and dry): Hg > Cd > Pb > Zn > Cu. In addition, the analysis of variance revealed a significant difference (P<0.05) among the metals concentrations across the sites and among the fractions. This strongly indicates the existence of pollution at the studied dumpsites communities. The bioaccumulation of the toxic metals noted in this study may lead to a serious health effects to the inhabitants as the bioaccumulation of lead affects the intelligence quotient in infants and it is carcinogenic whereas that of the cadmium leads to cancer of the kidney, hypertension and some vascular diseases, it also inhibits the activity of enzymes such as the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and amylase. Mercury toxicity affects the cardiovascular, nervous, respiratory, gastrointestinal, hematologic, immune and reproductive systems. The raw waters in these dumpsites were found unfit for drinking including those at the control site.
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    Relationship between Metal levels in Dust Particulates and Tissues of Residents Living close to Dumpsite in Zaria Metropolis, Nigeria
    (2013-05) Uzairu, Adamu; Uba, Sani; M. S. Sallau,; Abba, Hamza; Oluwole, Joshua Okunola
    The present study evaluate the relationship between the level of some metals in the particulate dust, and blood, urine, nails and hair of human exposed to metals contamination due to the dumpsites located within their residential areas. The concentrations of Zn, Pb Cu Cd and Hg are determined by Varian AA240FS Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. The results obtained revealed differences significant at p < 0.05 in levels of metals in dust samples across the seasons. Overall, the order of the bioavailability of these metals in the near the dumpsites followed the pattern: Cd > Zn > Pb > Hg > Cu; Hg> Zu. Cd> Cu> Pb and Zn> Hg> Cd > Pb > Cu for the dust nails and hair samples. The trend followed for the average concentrations of these metals across the sites followed the same pattern in both the urine and blood samples. Hg > Zn > Pb > Cd > Cu. The bioavailability of these metals some 300m away from the dumpsites revealed different distribution patterns Zn> Hg> Cd> Pb> Cu; Hg> Pb> Zn> Cu> Cd; Hg> Zn> Cd>Cu> Pb; ITg> Zn> Cd> Pb> Cu and Zn Cd> Cd> Pb=Hg for the dust Urine, blood, nails and hair samples respectively. The concentrations of the metals in the tissues of the residents in the dumpsites areas were higher than those recorded 300m away from the dumpsites (control sites). Moreover, one of the toxic metals, mercury was not even recorded in the tissues of the control site residents in the wet season, a clear indication of the level of pollution caused by the dumpsites.
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    Relationship between Metal levels in Dust Particulates and Tissues of Residents Living close to Dumpsite in Zaria Metropolis, Nigeria
    (2013-05) Uzairu, Adamu; Uba, Sani; M. S. Sallau,; Abba, Hamza; Okunola, Oluwole Joshua
    The present study evaluate the relationship between the level of some metals in the particulate dust, and blood, urine, nails and hair of human exposed to metals contamination due to the dumpsites located within their residential areas. The concentrations of Zn, Pb Cu Cd and Hg are determined by Varian AA240FS Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. The results obtained revealed differences significant at p < 0.05 in levels of metals in dust samples across the seasons. Overall, the order of the bioavailability of these metals in the near the dumpsites followed the pattern: Cd > Zn > Pb > Hg > Cu; Hg> Zu. Cd> Cu> Pb and Zn> Hg> Cd > Pb > Cu for the dust nails and hair samples. The trend followed for the average concentrations of these metals across the sites followed the same pattern in both the urine and blood samples. Hg > Zn > Pb > Cd > Cu. The bioavailability of these metals some 300m away from the dumpsites revealed different distribution patterns Zn> Hg> Cd> Pb> Cu; Hg> Pb> Zn> Cu> Cd; Hg> Zn> Cd>Cu> Pb; ITg> Zn> Cd> Pb> Cu and Zn Cd> Cd> Pb=Hg for the dust Urine, blood, nails and hair samples respectively. The concentrations of the metals in the tissues of the residents in the dumpsites areas were higher than those recorded 300m away from the dumpsites (control sites). Moreover, one of the toxic metals, mercury was not even recorded in the tissues of the control site residents in the wet season, a clear indication of the level of pollution caused by the dumpsites.
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    Seasonal Chemical Fractionation of Metals in Some Dumpsites Soils in Zaria Metropolis, Nigeria
    (2013) Uzairu, Adamu; Uba, Sani; M. S. Sallau,; Abba, Hamza; Okunola, Oluwole Joshua
    The study was aimed at investigating the chemical fractionation, bioaccumulation and bioavailability of Hg, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in the refuse waste soils of some dumpsites across the seasons (wet and dry) in Zaria metropolis. The heavy metals in the waste soils were sequentially extracted and measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results revealed that high concentrations of metal in dry season. The non-residual fraction was found to be the most abundant pools for all the metals across the seasons (wet and dry). Also, significant amounts of Hg, Cd and Cu were mostly found in the bioavailable fractions across the sites in the seasons. Thus, these metals would readily be bioavailable to the environment. Overall, the order of mobility and bioavailability of these metals across the seasons (dry and wet) followed the pattern; Hg > Cd > Pb > Zn > Cu and Hg > Cd > Cu > Zn > Pb respectively. Tendencies of health risk for human and livestock due to the spread of the metal pollution from waste dumpsites to agricultural areas is high. Bioaccumulation of cadmium and mercury cause liver, brain and intestinal disorders, irreversible damage to nervous system and brain, protoplasmic poisoning