MODIFICATION OF EMULSION PAINT USING CHITOSAN-GRAFTED-ACRYLIC ACID
MODIFICATION OF EMULSION PAINT USING CHITOSAN-GRAFTED-ACRYLIC ACID
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Date
2016-06
Authors
ABOLUDE, Oluwatobi Isaac
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Abstract
In this research, the extraction, characterization of chitin and chitosan from desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria) were carried out, followed by grafting of acrylic acid to chitosan which was then used as modifying additive to emulsion paint. Chemical demineralization, deproteinization and decolourization were carried out to obtain the chitin followed by deacetylation to obtain the chitosan. Acrylic acid was then grafted onto the chitosan to obtain chitosan-grafted-acrylic acid which was then used as additive to produce modified emulsion paint. The following analyses were carried out; density, solubility test, ash content, moisture content, degree of deacetylation, Fourier transformed-Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), viscosity, drying time, alkalinity test, crosscut test and bend test. The results obtained showed 90.06 % degree of deacetylation of the chitosan, 6.00 % moisture content of the chitosan, 2.24 % ash content of the chitosan, 81.75 % grafting percentage, 72.69 % grafting efficiency, 2360.60 cm−1 and 2344.61 cm−1 peaks are attributed to the carboxylic acid functional group which indicate the point of grafting of the acrylic acid unto the chitosan, the glass transition temperatures obtained from differential scanning calorimetry were 152.88 0C, 229.63 0C and 98.53 0C for chitin, chitosan and chitosan-grafted-acrylic acid respectively. Surface morphology of the chitin shows prominent microfibrils and porous structures while erosion of some of the microfibrils and porous structure on the chitosan was observed which could be attributed to successful deacetylation of the chitin to chitosan whereas the chitosan-grafted-acrylic acid shows the coverage of the little microfibrils and porous structure. Also the overall performance of the modified paint shows increase in density, viscosity, bendability, resistance of the paint coatings to separation from substrates when the right angle lattice patterns were cut into it and decrease in the drying time,
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alkalinity and the filler content. The chitosan-grafted-acrylic acid obtained was incorporated into emulsion paint; this was assessed with respect to another emulsion paint produced without chitosan-grafted-acrylic acid and a commercial paint. Tests such as drying time, density, viscosity, bend test, ash test, acidity or alkalinity test and cross-cut test were carried out and it was discovered that the paint with chitosan-grafted-acrylic acid had remarkable improvements in its properties
Description
A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF A MASTER OF SCIENCE DEGREE IN COLOUR CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF TEXTILE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, FACULTY OF SCIENCES AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA NIGERIA
Keywords
MODIFICATION,, EMULSION PAINT,, CHITOSAN-GRAFTED- ACRYLIC ACID,