PARTICIPATORY EPIDEMIOLOGY AND SEROPREVALENCE OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE IN LOCAL CHICKENS IN THE FEDERAL CAPITAL TERRITORY, ABUJANIGERIA

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dc.contributor.authorANZAKU, SAMUEL AKAWU
dc.date.accessioned2014-02-10T10:50:20Z
dc.date.available2014-02-10T10:50:20Z
dc.date.issued2013-05
dc.descriptionA THESIS SUBMITTED TO SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTERS OF SCIENCE IN VETERINARY PUBLIC HEALTH AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE DEPARTMENT OF VETERINARY PUBLIC HEALTH AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, FACULTY OF VETERINARY MEDICINE, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIANIGERIAen_US
dc.description.abstractNewcastle Disease (ND) constitutes an impediment to poultry production and health with increasing number of cases reported yearly by private veterinarians in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) in commercial farms, but the epidemiological status of the disease in local chickens is unknown and outbreaks are usually not reported. The objectives of the study were to determine the importance of poultry in relation to other livestock, the importance of ND in relation to other poultry diseases, the presence and levels of antibodies to ND and management constraints of rural chickens. The study was carried out between April and June, 2012. Semi-structured interviews (SSIs), proportional piling, ranking, matrix scoring, seasonal calendar, mapping and transect walk were used on 40 informant groups in 40 purposively selected villages of the FCT to determine the perception of poultry owners on the clinical signs of ND in local chickens. In addition, 400 serum samples collected from local chickens in the villages were screened for ND virus antibodies using haemagglutination inhibition test (HI) and information on husbandry and management practices was obtained from 400 selected rural poultry owners using a structured questionnaire. The participatory epidemiology (PE) data were subjected to descriptive statistics and Kendall’s coefficient of concordance (W) was calculated to determine the level of agreement between the informant groups. Also, HI test results and information on husbandry and production constraints were subjected to descriptive statistics. Poultry constituted the largest population of livestock kept and ND ranked first among the five most important poultry diseases with the predominant clinical signs of high mortality, diarrhoea, nervous signs and dyspnoea. Newcastle disease outbreaks occur mostly from October to March and traditional remedies used for treatment include red pepper (Capsicum frutenscens) and gauta kaji (Solanum nodiflorum). There were good agreements based on Kendall’s coefficients of concordance (W) between informant groups on the clinical signs, priority poultry diseases and livestock population. The estimated mean morbidity and case fatality 9 rates of ND were 71.38% and 74.5%, respectively. About 57% (228) of local chickens had antibodies to NDV. Also, information obtained from respondents indicated that local chickens constitute 77% of poultry kept and 43.5% of farmers housed their chickens at night, The major sources of breeding stock were live bird markets (62%), about 69.75% provided supplementary feeding, 51.75% kept poultry purposely for sale; 55% employed local treatment for diseases while only 26.5% sought conventional veterinary treatments. Veterinary services were unavailable to 58% of respondents and the major methods of disposal of dead birds were the use of refuse dump (48.75%) and dug pit (38.25%). It was concluded that local chickens constitute majority of poultry kept in the FCT, ND is wide spread and PE can be used to improve ND surveillance. Also, the prevalence of ND obtained indicated a low immunity against ND hence routine vaccination against ND in local chickens in the FCT is hereby recommended.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/884
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.subjectPARTICIPATORYen_US
dc.subjectEPIDEMIOLOGYen_US
dc.subjectSEROPREVALENCEen_US
dc.subjectNEWCASTLEen_US
dc.subjectDISEASEen_US
dc.subjectLOCALen_US
dc.subjectCHICKENSen_US
dc.subjectFEDERALen_US
dc.subjectCAPITALen_US
dc.subjectTERRITORYen_US
dc.subjectABUJAen_US
dc.subjectNIGERIAen_US
dc.titlePARTICIPATORY EPIDEMIOLOGY AND SEROPREVALENCE OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE IN LOCAL CHICKENS IN THE FEDERAL CAPITAL TERRITORY, ABUJANIGERIAen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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