GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF GROWING BUNAJI BULL CALVES FED Digitaria smutsii BASED DIET SUPPLEMENTED WITH CONCENTRATE CONTAINING CASSAVA PEEL MEAL

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Date
2020-02
Authors
KALEJAIYE, Dorcas Motunrayo
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Abstract
A study was conducted using sixteen (16)growing Bunaji bull calves with a live weight range of 95- 97kg, and age range of 6-12 months to evaluate the feeding value of cassava peels meal (CPM) inclusion levels at 0, 10, 20 and 30% as energy source. The animals were balanced for weight and allotted to four (4) dietary treatments in a completely randomized design. They were fed diets containing inclusion level of cassava peel meal (CPM) and Digitaria smutsii(Wolly Finger grass) hay at 1.0% of their body weight each. Feeding and metabolism trials were conducted for 90 days and 14 days respectively. Blood samples were collected for haematological and biochemical parameters and Rumen fluid were at the end of the trial.The result of the feeding trial showed that growing Bunaji bull calves fed diet containing 20% CPM significantly (P<0.05) higher final weight (111.75kg) which was followed by those fed 10% CPM inclusion levels. Those fed the control diet and 30% CPM had statistically similar and lower final weight gain (103.01 and 106.50kg, respectively). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) result indicated that growing Bunaji bull calves fed the 20% CPM had the significantly (P<0.05) best conversion (17.14). Total hay intake was significantly (P<0.05) higher at 10% (195.39kg) and 20% (188.10kg).The CP content of the diets CPM and D. smutsii vary between 2.13 and 5.90%. The ether extract varied from 12.57 and 2.51%. The crude fibre varied from 14.25 and 15.20%. The digestibility of ash was significantly (P<0.05) higher in bull calves fed concentrate diets containing CPM at 20 and 30% inclusion level while ether extract digestibility was significantly (P<0.05) higher at 20% inclusion level of CPM. The digestibility of CP was numerically higher (67.84%) at 20% level of CPM inclusion.PCV was numerically higher at 10% CPM (36.33%) and White blood cell was significantly (P<0.05) higher at 30% CPM (10.47×106μl). Blood glucose was highest for animals on diet containing 10% CPM inclusion (61.00mg/dl) and lowest for those on 30% CPM (42.67mg/dl). Rumen fluid were collected at 0, 3, 6 and 9hrs interval to determine rumen ammonia nitrogen and rumen total volatile fatty acids for growing bull calves. The result showed that TVFA was highest at 9hrs post feeding (46.83Mmol/L) but differed at 0hr (29.75Mmol/L), 3hrs (34.17Mmol/L) and 6hrs (39.42Mmol/L). Animals on diet containing 10% CPM had significantly (P<0.05) higher volatile fatty acids (41.58Mmol/L), when compared to the control (32.67Mmol/L). At 3hrs and 6hrs post feeding RAN (NH3-N) was similar and highest at 20% (11.44mg/100ml) CPM.Temperature at 0hr, 3hrs and 6hrs post feeding was similar and also at 0, 10, 20 and 30% CPM inclusion.Feed cost to gain ratio was highest in the control (control (₦1,277.19/kg live weight gain) and lowest at 20% CPM inclusion level (₦685.34/kg live weight gain). The net benefits were ₦39,989.70, ₦75,417.40, ₦100,186.60 and ₦67,031.91 (60.08%) for feeding Bunaji bull calves on 0, 10, 20 and 30% CPM diets respectively. It was concluded the CPM can be included in concentrate diet up to 20% been optimum for growing Bunaji bull calveswithout any adverse effect and therefore be recommended to farmers for better production and profit margin
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A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER DEGREE IN ANIMAL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL SCIENCE, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA
Keywords
GROWTH PERFORMANCE,, GROWING BUNAJI BULL CALVES FED,, Digitaria smutsii,, BASED DIET SUPPLEMENTED,, CONCENTRATE CONTAINING CASSAVA PEEL MEAL.
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