TRANSMISSION AND POPULATION STUDIES ON MAIZE STREAK VIRUS VECTORS: CICADULINA SPP. (HOMOPTERA 1 CICADELLIDAE)
TRANSMISSION AND POPULATION STUDIES ON MAIZE STREAK VIRUS VECTORS: CICADULINA SPP. (HOMOPTERA 1 CICADELLIDAE)
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Date
1987-10
Authors
OLOJEDE, SUNDAY OLUWAFEMI
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Abstract
An intensive survey of Cicadulina species in Samaru between
June, 1906 ana February, 1937 revealed the occurrence of four
species: Cicadulina nbila. Naude; C. similis China; C. arachidis
China and C. triangula Ruppel, in decreasing order of prevalence.
C. mbila was caught in all the sites sampled and constituted 65.30%
of Cicadulina populations in Samara. It is also shown that the
female Cicadulina is always more abundant than the male.
Cicadulina populations at Samaru in 1986 built up with increases
in rainfall. The numbers caught were very low at the onset of the
rains in May ~ June, reached the maximum before the rains stopped in
September, and declined sharply at the onset of harmattan in October.
The field survey revealed that Samaru had an average of 9.35%
viruliferous leafhoppers in the field populations and that the
Infective hoppers carried different strains of the virus depending
on the host plants from which the hoppers got infected.
A survey of alternative hosts of the streak virus in Samaru
and Zaria showed four grass species with symptoms of the streak
virus diseases Panicum maximum Jacq. Brachiaria lata (Schumach)
C.E. Hubbard ex Robynsj Pennisetuu podicellatum Trin. and Setaria
palludefusea (Schumach.) Stapf and C.E. Hubbard.
Seventeen plants were screened for susceptibility to MSV and
the following five were symptomatic hosts-. Acrocerus amplectus Stapf;
Eleusine indica (L) Gaertn; Chlorix picnothrix Trin; Cyperus pustulatus
Vahl and Oryzn glaberrima Steud. In addition, two other grass
species were infected with MSV beside the screen cages used; Plgitaria
adscendens Hern and Leptochloa fi1iformis (Lam.) P. Beauv. Susceptibility
under experimental conditions indicates likely susceptibility under
field conditions.
This study also revealed that irrigated off-season maize crops
carry the maize streak virus disease. It is thus concluded that
irrigated maize crops, and grasses like E. indica that carry streak
symptoms in the field, and that are susceptible to MSV from maize
under experimental conditions, are sources of primary inoculum for
the rain-fed maize crops as the virus could survive on them during
the dry season.
Description
A thesis submitted to the Postgraduate School
Ahmadu Bello University
in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
Degree of Master of Science in Crop Protection
DEPARTMENT OF CROP PROTECTION
FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY
ZARIA, NIGERIA.
October, 1987.
Keywords
TRANSMISSION,, POPULATION,, STUDIES,, MAIZE,, STREAK,, VIRUS,, VECTORS:, CICADULINA,, SPP., (HOMOPTERA 1 CICADELLIDAE)