EFFECT OF MANGIFERA INDICA L. (MANGO) KERNEL ON CLARIAS GARIEPINUS (AFRICAN CATFISH) FINGERLINGS INFECTED WITH AEROMONAS CAVIAE

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorAHMAD, Muhammad Talbe
dc.date.accessioned2014-09-24T07:50:18Z
dc.date.available2014-09-24T07:50:18Z
dc.date.issued2014-05
dc.descriptionA THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA MAY, 2014en_US
dc.description.abstractA number of approaches were employed to control diseases in fish with particular emphasis on use of chemotherapeutic agents. However, application of antibiotics in aquaculture is expensive and leads to antibiotics residue in fish, which could cause the development of antibiotic resistance in human. In this study, phytochemical analysis was done to detect the presence of secondary metabolites in the M. indica kernel. The in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial effects of aqueous and methanol extracts of mango kernel on A. caviae using agar well diffusion method were evaluated. In the in vivo trial, two hundred and fourty fingerlings were randomly divided into four groups of sixty. Fish in group A, B, C and D were fed diet containing 0, 1, 5 and 10 g/kg of mango kernel dry fish diet, respectively for 60 days. Some haematological parameters of fish were examined at 20 and 40 days of feeding the diet. Twelve fish from each group were challenged with A. caviae 60 days post feeding and clinical signs, mortalities and gross lesions were observed and recorded over 14 days post-infection. Phytochemical analysis of mango kernel revealed the presence of triterpenes, tannins, glycosides, saponins and flavonoids. The result obtained following the limit dose test demonstrates that the lethal dose (LD 50) of M. indica kernel powder is greater than 60 g/kg of feed. The methanol extract when used at concentrations that ranges from 50 to 500 mg/ml inhibited growth of the bacteria, with zone of inhibition ranging between 16 ± 2.41 to 24 ± 0.58. The antibacterial activity of the methanol extract was not significantly different from the standard antibacterial agents used in the study (gentamicin, enrofloxacin, neomycin, chloramphenicol and erythromycin). However, M. indica powdered kernel solution did show antibacterial activity against A. caviae at lower concentrations (166, 125, 100, 55.6 and 50 mg/ml) with smaller zones of inhibition that ranges from 8 ± 1.00 to 11 ± 1.00, with no measurable zones of inhibition at higher concentrations of 250 and 500 mg/ml. The results demonstrated that the serum of fish treated with mango kernel at different concentrations produced no antibacterial effect against A. caviae. However, the total leukocyte counts were significantly higher in fish treated with mango kernel at 10 g/kg of feed 40 days post-treatment. Less survivability was observed in fish that were not treated with diet containing mango kernel (50% survivability) up to day 14 after infection. The groups fed 5 and 10 g/kg mango kernel dry diet showed highest percentage survival (100%). Results of the present study clearly demonstrated that only methanol extract of mango kernel showed good antibacterial activity. The present study also confirmed the efficiency of the organic solvent for extraction of plant constituent compared to water. The study indicates that mango kernel protects Clarias gariepinus against A. caviae infection by enhancing the survivability of the treated fishen_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/5395
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.subjectMANGIFERA,en_US
dc.subjectINDICA,en_US
dc.subjectKERNEL,en_US
dc.subjectCLARIAS,en_US
dc.subjectGARIEPINUS,en_US
dc.subjectAFRICAN CATFISH,en_US
dc.subjectFINGERLINGS,en_US
dc.subjectAEROMONAS CAVIAEen_US
dc.titleEFFECT OF MANGIFERA INDICA L. (MANGO) KERNEL ON CLARIAS GARIEPINUS (AFRICAN CATFISH) FINGERLINGS INFECTED WITH AEROMONAS CAVIAEen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
Files
Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
EFFECT OF MANGIFERA INDICA L. (MANGO) KERNEL ON CLARIAS GARIEPINUS (AFRICAN CATFISH) FINGERLINGS INFECTED WITH AEROMONAS CAVIAE.pdf
Size:
1.61 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
Download
License bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
license.txt
Size:
1.58 KB
Format:
Item-specific license agreed upon to submission
Description:
Download
Collections
VETERINARY MEDICINE