EVALUATION OF PREGELATINISED STARCH AND MALIODEXTRIN DERIVED FROM SWEET POTATO IPOMEA BATATAS IN TABLETS
EVALUATION OF PREGELATINISED STARCH AND MALIODEXTRIN DERIVED FROM SWEET POTATO IPOMEA BATATAS IN TABLETS
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Date
1999-12
Authors
ALIH, OCHEJA DANLADI
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Abstract
The starch contained in potato Ipomea batatas was extracted by milling, suspending in
water, centrifugal ion, reaction with sodium bisulphate, washing and drying. The starch
complied with the B.P (1988) identification test. It was modified into pregelatiniscd starch (PGS)
by drying the mucilage to form a dry powder, part of which was mixed with dilute nitric acid,
subjected to prolonged heart and dried to give maltodextrin (MI)X). The modified products were
characterized using the following parameters; How rate, angle of repose, bulk densities, Carr's
index and moisture content.
The suitability of the modified products as various functional excipients in wet and dry
granulated tablets formulation were evaluated. Direct Compression of pure and various binary
mixtures as sole excipients were carried out.
The high dose 50()mg per tablet contains sulphamcthoxazolc, a non -self compressible
drug, while the low dose requiring maximal sole excipients as diluent contained in 5mg folic acid,
thereby constituting only 6.6% w/w. While a Pelletizing machine was used to compact excipients
and active ingredients to slugs that were comminuted into granules through the sieve to form
granules, the eccentric tablet press/machine was used to compact the granules into tablets, the
properties of the tablets evaluated included weight uniformity, thickness, hardness, friability,
packing fraction, compact density, tensile strength and disintegration time. Apart from thickness
and friability, which were inversely related, the other parameters were directly related to the
compression pressure. The results are traceable to densification of compacts.
In direct compression, Avicel® and maltodextrin produce more coherent tablets thereby
showing a high level of binding action than pregelatiniscd starch which exhibited higher
disintegranl properties. Thus, a binary mixed powder depending on the proportion enhanced better
bioavailable properties with AVL/PGS and MDX/I'GS binary mixtures, for those tablets which
bioavailibility arc governed by the rate at which the tablets disintegrate. Paradoxically the highest
sole dry binder excipients containing 30% compared with 20% and 10% of the modified products
and Avicel® in sulphamcthoxazolc tablets produced the solles tablets. This could be attributed to
higher content of fines.
The thickness was in the following order; MDX/AVL® < AVL®/ PGS < MDX/PGS.
The more plastically compressible a compact the thinner is the compact.
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY ZARIA
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR
THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN
PHARMACEUTICS
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICS AND
PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY
FACULTY OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY ZARIA - NIGERIA
Keywords
EVALUATION,, PREGELATINISED,, STARCH,, MALIODEXTRIN,, DERIVED,, SWEET,, POTATO,, IPOMEA,, BATATAS,, TABLETS