YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF MAIZE/RICE MIXTURE AS INFLUENCED BY NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZATION.
YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF MAIZE/RICE MIXTURE AS INFLUENCED BY NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZATION.
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Date
1993-03
Authors
KOMBIOK, JAMES MANTENT
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Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at Samaru farm of the
Institute for Agricultural Research in 1990 and 1992 wet
seasons with the objective of studying the effect of N and P
on the yield and yield components of maize and rice under
mixed cropping.
Factorial combinations of four levels of N (0, 60,120 and
180kgN/ha) and three levels of P (0, 13.2 and 26.4kgP/ha)
were laid out in a randomised complete block design with four
replications.
The results revealed that the grain yield of maize and
rice were significantly influenced by N and P. In 1990, maize
grain yield increased significantly upto 13.2kgP/ha at
0 and 60kgN/ha. There was no effect of P at 120 and 180kgN/ha.
For rice, grain yield at 0 and 60kgN/ha was not influenced by
P whereas, application of 26.4kgP/ha significantly increased
grain yield at 120 and l80kgN/ha. In 1992 application of
13.2kgP/ha at each level of N significantly increased maize
and rice grain yields. The highest grain yields were obtained
at 120kgN/ha with 13.2kgP/ha suggesting that this fertilizer
rate could be recommended for the mixture.
Yield components of maize such as cobs per square metre
increased significantly with levels of N and P but there were;
no signifleant changes in shelling percentage and hundred
grain weight of maize. The number of panicles per square
metre, number of tillers per plant and number of filled grains
por panicle were the yield components of rice that responded to
Increased N and P. While threshing percentage and thousand
grain weight were not affected. Other plant characters of
both crops which were positively influenced by N and P were
LAI, plant height and plant dry matter.
There was highly significant and positive correlation
between maize grain yield and yield component such as
cobs per square metre (r = 0.586, r = 0.558) in 1990 and
1992 respectively. In rice however, grain yield was found
to be significantly and positively associated with
components of yield such as panicles per square metre
(r= 0.915, r = 0.910) and number of tillers per plant
(r = 0.851, r = O.850) in 1990 and 1992 respectively.
Percent crude protein in plant leaves at maturity
increased with the application of N alone but not with P.
While percent P in leaves was significantly increased with
both N and P.
Percent N in the soil at Crop maturity increased
significantly with N upto 180kgN/ha but was not affected
by P. Similarly P content in soil was significantly and
positively influenced by P but not with N application.
Description
A Thesis submitted to Ahmadu Bello UniversityPost-graduate
School, in partial fulfilment
of the requirements for the degree of Master of
Science in Agronomy.