CHARACTERIZATION OF CAMPYLOBACTER SPECIES ISOLATED FROM SHEEP AND EFFECTS OF CRUDE EXTRACTS OF ACACIA NILOTCA AND VITEXDONlANA ON THE ISOLATES

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Date
1998-12
Authors
RAJI, Mashood Abiola
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Abstract
Campylobacter species isolated from Kaduna State were characterized into their species and bioserogrouped. Their susceptibilites to the extract of the leaves of Acacia nilotica bark of Vitex doniana were studied. A total of 1100 sheep samples were collected from Kaduna abattoir and National Animal Production Reach Institute (NAPRI), Shika. The samples comprised 250 gallbladder, 250 intestinal contents, 100 fetal stomach contents from Kaduna abattoir while 250 rectal swabs and 250 vaginal swabs were obtained from sheep at the NAPRI Small Ruminant Programme flocks. Of the total of 1100 samples, 39(3.54%) yielded Campylobacter organisms. The highest isolation rate (6.8%) was from samples of intestinal contents followed by those from gall bladdcrs(4.0%). Samples from the vaginal swabs and fetuses had the lowest isolation rates of 2.80% and 0% respectively. Of all the 39 Campylobacter isolates, 79% were characterized as C. fetus subsp jejuni, 13% as c. coli, and 8.0% as C. laridis- Campylohacter coli and C. laridis were isolated from gall bladder and intestinal contents only but not from vaginal and rectal swabs. Campylobacter jejuni biotype 1 accounted for 40.3% of the total isolates, C laridis biotypes 1 and 11 were also isolated and accounted for 5 % and 3 % of the isolates respectively and 5% of the isolates were nontypcable Serogroups 36 and 4 were the commonest serogroups repesenting 10.3% and 7.7%of all serogroups respectively. Other serogroups recorded in sheep in Kaduna State were 29 (5.1%),20(7.69%) and 55 (2.6%). They all belonged to C. jejuni Campylobacter coli were represented by serogroups 4 (7.7%) 6 and 84 repesenting 2.56% each, C .laridis isolates were not serotyped. There was no significant difference in the recovery of the different serogroups from the different specimens investigated in sheep at two locations surveyed. The minimum inhibitory concentration of A nilotica ethanol extract was 80 mg/ ml while that of the water extract for Acacia nolitica was 250 mg/ ml. Both the water and ethanol extracts of the V doniana had no inhibitory effect on the Campylobacter isolates at concentrations up to 500 mg/ml. The isolation of Campylobacter organisms from rectum, vagina, gallbladder, and intestinal contents is a clear indication that sheep may serve as a reservior of these organisms in Nigeria.Similarities between documented human Campylobacter isolates in Nigeria and those in the present study raise the possibility of cross-transmission between sheep and man. It is concluded that biotyping and serogrouping can be used for epidemiological study of campylobacteriosis due to Campylobacter jejuni in sheep in Kaduna State of Nigeria.
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A thesis submitted to the Postgraduate School, Ahmadu Bcllo University, Zaria, in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Award of Degree of Master of Science. Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria DECEMBER, 1998
Keywords
CHARACTERIZATION,, CAMPYLOBACTER,, SPECIES,, ISOLATED,, SHEEP,, EFFECTS,, CRUDE,, EXTRACTS,, ACACIA,, NILOTCA,, VITEXDONlANA,, ISOLATES.
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