EFFECT OF RE-FERMENTED BREWERS’ DRIED GRAINS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKENS
EFFECT OF RE-FERMENTED BREWERS’ DRIED GRAINS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKENS
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Date
2008-12
Authors
NDAMS, SAMUEL SHEHU
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Abstract
In a laboratory study, aimed at determining the optimum inoculum
concentration and fermentation periods and their effects on nutrients
composition of brewers dried grains (BDG), five set of BDG samples were
inoculated with rumen liquor (inoculum) at concentrations of 10:1, 10:2, 10:3,
10:4 and 10:5 and subjected to four periods of fermentation (2, 4, 6 and 8
days). Refermentation of all BDG samples resulted in increased percentage
crude protein and decreased percentage crude fibre. The BDG sample of 10:2
substrate to inoculum concentration on 2-day fermentation had the highest
crude protein content.
The effects of dietary levels of RBDG and 30% RBDG diets supplemented
with amino acids and enzyme on performance of broiler chickens were
investigated in two feeding trials. In the first nine-week trial, two hundred and
forty (240) day old broiler chicks were fed diets containing RBDG at 0, 10, 20
and 30% levels. There were three replications of the four treatments in a
completely randomised design. During the starter phase, average daily gain of
birds on control diet was similar to those of birds on 10 and 30% RBDG but
significantly higher (P<0.05) than those on 20%RBDG. Feed intake of birds
increased with increased RBDG level across the treatments. Feed to gain ratio
for birds on 20 and 30%RBDG diets were similar but significantly higher than
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those on 10% and control diets. During the 9-week trial, feed intake was
observed to increase across treatment with increased level of RBDG. Birds on
the 30% RBDG diet consumed significantly (P<0.05) more feed compared to
those on the control and the other diets containing RBDG. Weight gain was
generally observed to reduce with increase in the level of RBDG in the diets.
The efficiency of feed utilization revealed a downward trend as dietary level
of RBDG increased. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in
dressing percentage, thigh and leg percentages among birds on 0, 10 and 20%
RBDG. The gizzard, heart, pancreas and abdominal fat were not affected by
the dietary treatments.
In the second feeding trial the effect of supplementing 30% RBDG diet with
lysine, methionine or enzyme (Allzyme SSF) was studied. There were six
treatments (0% RBDG, 30%RBDG, 30% RBDG plus lysine, 30% RBDG plus
methionine, 30% RBDG plus Allzyme at 200g/ton of the diet and 30% RBDG
plus lysine, methionine and Allzyme at 200g/ton). During the starter phase (0-
4weeks) there was no significant difference (P<0.05) in daily weight gain of
birds on the RBDG diets when compared with the control. During the finisher
phase the diet supplemented with lysine alone or with a combination of
lysine, methionine and Allzyme improved daily gain and feed conversion of
broilers similar to that obtained with the control diet and significantly higher
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(P<0.05) than what obtained with the un-supplemented diet (30% RBDG).
Gain of birds on 30%RBDG diet plus lysine, plus methionine and plus
enzyme was significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of birds on unsupplemented
30% RBDG diet. Feed intake of birds on all 30% RBDG diets
were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those on the control diet. The
supplementation of 30% RBDG diets with lysine or methionine or Allzyme
or a combination of lysine, methionine and enzyme resulted in improved daily
gain and feed utilization. The dressing percentages for birds on all diets were
similar. The percentage gizzard was similar between birds on plus lysine, plus
enzyme and on a combination of lysine, methionine and enzyme
supplemented diets. The percentage abdominal fat between birds on plus
lysine and plus methionine diets and between birds on 30% RBDG and plus
enzyme diets did not differ significantly. The apparent metabolizable dry
matter of the 30% RBDG plus enzyme and diet with lysine, methioine and
enzyme combination were similar (P>0.05). The apparent protein metabolism
for the control and all supplemented diets (except plus methionine diet) were
similar but significantly higher than the unsupplemented 30%RBDG diet.
Thus, re-fermentation of BDG with adequate supplementation with amino
acids and enzyme improved feed utilization and performance of broilers
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL IN
PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR
THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF
SCIENCE IN ANIMAL SCIENCE
DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY
ZARIA
NIGERIA.
DECEMBER, 2008
Keywords
EFFECT, RE-FERMENTED BREWERS,, DRIED,, GRAINS,, PERFORMANCE,, BROILER,, CHICKENS.