NUTRITIVE VALUE OF CASAVA PEEL MEAL FOR PIGS
NUTRITIVE VALUE OF CASAVA PEEL MEAL FOR PIGS
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Date
1995-08
Authors
GIDEON, Shaibu Bawa
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Abstract
Determination of the peel content of cassava tuber, nutrient
composition of cassava peel and four trials were conducted to
evaluate the nutritive value of cassava peel meal in pig diets.
Cassava peels constitute 11 .80% of cassava tuber on dry matter
basis. The rind on the other hand constitute 8.05% of cassava on
dry matter basis. Results of the chemical analysis show that
cassava peel contains 91.39% dry matter, 6.46% crude protein, 9.63%
crude fibre, 1.13% ether extract, 7.16% ash and 75.80% Nitrogen
Free Extract (NFE). The gross energy of cassava peel was 3978.65
Kcal/kg while the free hydrocyanic acid level was 140.90mg/kg.
In the first trial, Twenty (20) Cross-bred (Large white X
Landrace) pigs of average initial liveweight of 9.4kg (range, 9.30
- 9.50kg) were fed diets formulated to contain 20% crude protein.
Cassava peel meal was included in the diets at 0, 7.5, 15.0, 22.50
or 30% levels during a 42-day trial.
Average daily gain (ADG) and Feed/gain (F/G) values showed a
gradual but non-significant decline as the level of CPM in the diet
increased. Feed intake increased non-significantly as the level of
CPM in the diet increased. Intake of crude fibre and HCN increased
significantly with increasing level of CPM in the diet but the pigs
showed no observable symptoms of cyanide toxicity. All the other
parameters measured were not significant. The result favours the
use of CPM in weaner pig diets upto the level of 30%.
In the second trial, which lasted for 49 days, twenty crossbred
(Large White X Landrace) pigs averaging 7.65kg (7.43 - 7.90kg)
were fed five iso-nitrogenous diet:: in which dried cassava peel
meal was included at 0, 14.22, 28.44, 42.65 or 56.87 replacing 0,
25, 50, 75 and 100% respectively of maize in the control diet.
Average daily gain (ADG) and cost per kg gain differed
significantly (P<0.05) across the treatments while the average
daily feed intake and feed efficiency values were non-significant
(P>0.05). The results showed that weaner pigs of the weight used
can be fed up to 42.65% ( 43.0%) CPM in their diets.
In the third trial, the digestibility and retention of
nitrogen of diets in which CPM replaced maize at 0, 25, 50, 75 or
100% levels, corresponding to CPM inclusion levels of 0, 14.22,
28.44, 42.65 and 56.87% respectively was studied using 10 crossbred
(Large White X Landrace) boars with an average initial live weight
of 36kg. Nitrogen digestibility was significantly depressed
(P<0.05) as more of maize was replaced by CPM. There were no
significant differences in nitrogen retention between the control
and CPM diets up to 42.65% level of inclusion. However, there were
significant depression in nitrogen intake and retention as the
level of inclusion of CPM increased from 42.65 to 56.87%
corresponding to 100% replacement of maize in the diet. The results
suggest that CPM can be included in pig diets up to 42% but can not
totally replace maize in the diet.
In the fourth trial, sixteen cross-bred pigs of average
initial liveweight of 35.17 kg (range, 34.90 - 35.45kg) were fed
16% CP rations formulated to be isocaloric (3.13 Mcal/ME/kg) with
the control diet. Cassava peel was included in the diets at levels
of 0, 19.10, 38.20 and 57.28%. This corresponds to replacement
values of 0, 25, 75 and 100% for maize.
There were no significant differences in average feed intake,
daily weight gain and feed/gain between treatments. There were
also no significant differences in dressing percentage, backfat
thickness, loin eye area and the prime cuts.
The results suggest that growing-finishing pigs of the weight
used in this study can tolerate up to 57% level of inclusion of CPM
in their diets, corresponding to 100% replacitent of maize by CPM,
if the diets are formulated to be iso-nitrogenous and isocaloric
with an all-maize based control diets.
Description
This thesis or any part thereof must not be reproduced in any
form without the written permission of the postgraduate school,
Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria or the author
Keywords
NUTRITIVE,, CASAVA PEEL MEAL,, PIGS