COMPARATIVE EFFICACY STUDY OF DIMINAZINE ACETURATE, KAEMPFEROL AND THEIR COMBINATION ON EXPERIMENTAL Trypanosoma brucei brucei INFECTION IN MICE
COMPARATIVE EFFICACY STUDY OF DIMINAZINE ACETURATE, KAEMPFEROL AND THEIR COMBINATION ON EXPERIMENTAL Trypanosoma brucei brucei INFECTION IN MICE
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2018-01
Authors
MUHAMMAD, Ya’u
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
In this study, the comparative efficacy study of kaempferol, diminazene aceturate and their
combination against experimental Trypanosoma brucei brucei infection in mice was determined.
Thirty six adult swiss albino mice both sexes weighing between 18 and 22 grams were randomly
divided into six groups (I, II, III, IV, V and VI) of six mice each. Mice in group I were neither
treated nor infected (un-infected, normal control). Mice in group II were pre-treated
prophylactically with kaempferol (1 mg/kg per os) for 14 consecutive days prior to infection.
Mice in groups II to VI each were inoculated with blood containing Trypanosoma brucei brucei
(106 trypanosomes/ml of blood/animal) intraperitoneally (I.P). Following detection of
parasitaemia, mice in group III were treated once with diminazene aceturate (3.5 mg/kg) I.P
only. Mice in group IV were treated with diminazene aceturate (3.5 mg/kg) once I.P, and then
continued with kaempferol (1 mg/kg per os) for nine consecutive days. Mice in group V were
treated with kaempferol (1 mg/kg per os) only for nine consecutive days. Mice in group VI were
given normal saline (5 ml/kg per os) only for nine consecutive days. Nine days post-infection, all
mice were sacrificed by severing their jugular veins, blood samples were collected for
haematological and biochemical analyses, while tissue samples were collected for
histopathological examination. The results obtained showed significant differences between the
levels of parasitaemia and survival rate of mice in groups II and VI. Following infection with
Trypanosoma brucei brucei mean packed cell volume, haemoglobin concentration and red blood
cell count significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in groups II and VI when compared to groups III, IV
and V. Similarly, Mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration
significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in groups II and VI when compared to groups III, IV and V.
The percentage of red blood cell haemolysis at 0.5%, 0.7% and 0.9% NaCl concentrations was
significantly (P < 0.05) higher in groups II and VI when compared to groups III, IV and V.
9
Total leucocyte count significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in groups II and VI when compared to
groups III, IV and V. The mean lymphocytes and neutrophil count reduced significantly (P <
0.05) in groups II and VI when compared to groups III, IV and V. There were significant (P <
0.05) increases in the mean alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline
phosphatase in groups II and VI when compared to groups III, IV and V. Antioxidant enzymes;
superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase increased significantly (P < 0.05) in
groups III, IV and V when compared to groups II and VI. Serum level of malondialdehyde
significantly (P < 0.05) increased in groups II and VI when compared to groups III, IV and V. In
conclusion, kaempferol possesses antitrypanosomal activity and probably stimulate host
immunity to control the proliferation of the parasite in the blood.
Description
A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLLO UNIVERSITY ZARIA, IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN VETERINARY PHARMACOLGY DEPARTMENT OF VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY,
FACULTY OF VETERINARY MEDICINE, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
Keywords
COMPARATIVE EFFICACY,, DIMINAZINE ACETURATE,, KAEMPFEROL,, Trypanosoma brucei brucei,, INFECTION,, MICE,