TRANSFORMATION AND PLANT AVAILABILITY OF AMIDE NITROGEN IN SELECTED SAVANNA SOILS.
TRANSFORMATION AND PLANT AVAILABILITY OF AMIDE NITROGEN IN SELECTED SAVANNA SOILS.
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Date
1987-07
Authors
AROWOSHEGBE, TEMITOPE ANTHONIA.
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Abstract
Amides added to soils are hydrolyzed to ammonium
(NH) and their corresponding carboxylic acids+ Studies
of 44 of amide - N in soils deserve attention
because amides have potential as nitrogen (N) fertilizers.
In this study, six amide compounds (acetamide, calcium
cyanamide, dimethyl fornamide, phenyl acetamide, N, Ndimethyl
acetamide and succinamide) were used. The
potential of these amides as N fertilizer was determined
through incubation, greenhouse and field experiments.
Urea was used as the standard for comparison. Soils used
for the incubation and greenhouse experiments came from
Samaru, Mokwa and Bakura. The field trial was conducted
at Samaru and the test crop used was maize (Zea mays L.).
The transformations of amide - N (60)ugN/g of soil)
were studied in field - moist soils incubated under
aerobic conditions at 30 C for 8 weeks. All the amides
were readily hydrolyzed in the three soils except
dimethyl formamide which did not nitrify, with most of
the amides studied, the inorganic N (NHL, NO" + NO")
produced was accumulated as 3 The recovery of N
varied from 35% to 93%. Phenyl acetamide, N, N-dimethyl
acetamide, CaCNL and Succinamide did not decrease the
soil pH as much as urea while dimethyl formamide did not
decrease the pH at all.
In the greenhouse trial, maize responded to the
application of the amide N fertilizers. The dry matter
yield increase with rate of N application. Total DMY
obtained with succinamide was not significantly
different from that obtained with urea at the three rates
of N application. That of acetamide tended to be lower
than urea while phenyl acetamide was markedly inferior to
other amides. The recoveries of N ranged from 51$
(phenyl acetamide) in Mokwa soil to 103% (succinamide)
in Bakura soil. In the field, succinamide was similar
to urea in the DMY and N uptake. The yield from
acetamide was much lower than urea. The recoveries of
N (at the rate of 120KgN/ha) ranged from 21% (CaCNL) to
68$ (succinamide). Generally, recovery of N from
succinamide was better than urea and urea was followed
by acetamide.
Description
A Thesis Submitted to the Post-graduate School, Ahmadu
Bello University, Zaria in Partial Fulfilment of the
Requirements for the Degree of:
Master of Science
in
Soil Science
DEPARTMENT OF SOIL SCIENCE
FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY
ZARIA, NIGERIA.
JULY, 1987,
Keywords
TRANSFORMATION, IN SELECTED SAVANNA SOILS., PLANT,, AVAILABILITY,, AMIDE,, NITROGEN,, SELECTED,, SAVANNA,, SOILS,