GENETIC ANALYSIS OF OIL CONTENT AND SOME AGRONOMIC TRAITS IN MAIZE (Zea mays L.)
GENETIC ANALYSIS OF OIL CONTENT AND SOME AGRONOMIC TRAITS IN MAIZE (Zea mays L.)
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Date
2014-08
Authors
ABDULLAHI, MUSTAPHA
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the mode of gene action that controls percent oil,
to estimate correlation coefficient between oil content with agronomic traits, to determine
direct and indirect relationships between oil and agronomic traits and to estimate
heterosis for oil content. Sweet corn white and sweet corn yellow were used as high oil
male parents, which were crossed to ten low oil maize varieties (Oba Super 2, SDM2,
Sammaz 13, Sammaz 36, Sammaz 29, Sammaz 27, Sammaz 20, Ex Yola Dt, Sammaz 18
and Sammaz 37). North Carolina Design II mating design was used to develop progenies.
Evaluation was carried out at two locations, Samaru and Kadawa. Result for males and
females sources of variation for Samaru indicated no significant differences for percent
oil while male x female sources of variation indicated significant difference for percent
oil. Result for Kadawa indicated that males, females and males x females’ source of
variation were not significant for oil content. For the combined locations, males, females
and males x females’ source of variation indicated no significant differences for percent
oil. The males x location, females x location and males x females x location sources of
variation indicated no significant difference for percent oil. Broad sense heritability for
oil content at Kadawa indicated low estimate of 0.3214, which indicates possibility of
low genetic advance. Narrow sense heritability estimates was high at Samare but for
Kadawa and across locations the estimates were low for oil content. Negative mid and
high parent heterosis was observed for oil content at both and for across locations, this
indicated that the genes for oil content are not contributing positively for oil content.
Results at Samaru indicated no significant genotypic and phenotypic correlations between
oil content with all the traits, but results for Kadawa indicated significant genotypic
correlations between oil content with number of kernel rows and significant phenotypic
correlations between oil content with ear height, number of leaves per plant and number
of kernel rows. For the combined locations, positive significant phenotypic correlation
between oil content with number of kernels rows was observed. Path analysis result for
Samaru indicated that plant height had positive significant direct effect to oil content.
From Kadawa the result indicated 100 grain weight, ear height, and numbers of kernel
rows exert positive direct effects toward oil content. For combined locations, grain yield
indicated positive direct effect toward oil content. From this results the most suitable
breeding methodology for breeding high oil Maize are recurrent selection or use of inbred
lines, because heterosis is easily obtained from inbred lines crosses.
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POST GRADUATE STUDIES
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD
OF A
MASTER DEGREE IN PLANT BREEDING
DEPARTMENT OF PLANT SCIENCE
FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
NIGERIA
AUGUST, 2014
Keywords
GENETIC,, OIL CONTENT,, AGRONOMIC,, TRAITS,, MAIZE